The Effects of 8 Weeks Aerobic Training and Vitamins E & C Supplementation on the Plasma Levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in Patients with Coronery Heart Desease

Karmi,  E; Shabani , R; Rahmaniya , F; Elmiye , A; Rezagholizadeh , M

doi:10.61186/armaghanj.30.1.1

[Home ] [Archive]

[ فارسی ]

Main Menu

Home

Journal Information

Articles archive

For Authors

For Reviewers

Registration

Contact us

Site Facilities

Indexing & Abstracting

Publication Ethics

Search in website

Receive site information

Indexing & Abstracting

DOAJ
GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Volume 30, Issue 1 (1-2025)

__Armaghane Danesh__ 2025, 30(1): 1-17

Back to browse issues page

The Effects of 8 Weeks Aerobic Training and Vitamins E & C Supplementation on the Plasma Levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in Patients with Coronery Heart Desease

E Karmi¹

, R Shabani²

, F Rahmaniya³

, A Elmiye¹

, M Rezagholizadeh⁴

1- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sceinces, Rasht branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran,
2- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sceinces, Rasht branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran, , dr.ramin.shabani@gmail.com
3- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Guilan University, Guilan, Iran,
4- Department of physical Education and Sport Sceinces, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran

Abstract: (1110 Views)

Background & aim: Coronary heart disease is one of the most important causes of death in most countries. Regular exercise and vitamin supplementation are useful solutions in improving cardiovascular diseases. The matrix metalloproteinase family plays an important role in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and the reconstruction of the vascular wall. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training with vitamin E and C supplementation on the plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinas2 and matrix metalloproteinas9 in patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods: The present clinical trial study was conducted at the specialized cardiac rehabilitation center of Bahman Hospital located in Zanjan in the year 2021 with a pre-test/post-test design. Sixty patients (both male and female) with CAD were selected to participate in the present research. The subjects were randomly assigned to four groups of 15 individuals each (exercise + supplement, exercise, supplement, and control). The participants received one gram of di-alpha-tocopherol and one gram of ascorbic acid daily. The exercise program included eight weeks (three sessions per week) of aerobic activity at an intensity of 40 to 80 percent of reserve heart rate for 45 minutes, utilizing a treadmill, stationary bike, and hand ergometer. Anthropometric assessments were performed 24 hours before the first exercise session and 24 hours after the last exercise session, and blood samples were collected. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests such as covariance analysis, Bonferroni post-hoc test, paired t-test, Shapiro-Wilk test, Levene's test, and linear regression.

Results: The results indicated that the level of MMP-2 in the plasma of patients with CAD was significantly higher in the aerobic training group with vitamin E and C supplementation than in the aerobic training group (p=0.001). Also, the level of MMP-9 in the plasma of patients with CAD in the aerobic training group with vitamin E and C supplementation was significantly lower than the aerobic training group (p=0.001).

Conclusion: combined aerobic training and taking vitamin E and C supplements can affect the plasma levels of the mentioned indicators to a greater extent and cause them to improve, which displays the higher efficiency of training at the same time as the supplement.

Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Aerobic training, Vitamin E and C supplementation, Matrix metalloproteinases.

Full-Text [PDF 551 kb] (31 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research | Subject: Sport Physiology
Received: 2024/06/11 | Accepted: 2024/10/5 | Published: 2025/02/4

References

1. De Alwis M. Coronary artery disease. Journal of the Ceylon College of Physicians 2023; 54: 153-8##. [DOI:10.4038/jccp.v54i2.8031]

2. Bräuninger H, Krüger S, Bacmeister L, Nyström A, Eyerich K, Westermann D, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases in coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Basic Research in Cardiology 2023; 118(1): 18. ## [DOI:10.1007/s00395-023-00987-2] [PMID] []

3. Wells JM, Gaggar A, Blalock JE. MMP generated matrikines. Matrix biology 2015; 44: 122-9. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.matbio.2015.01.016] [PMID] []

4. Cui N, Hu M, Khalil RA. Biochemical and biological attributes of matrix metalloproteinases. Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science 2017; 147: 1-73. ## [DOI:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.02.005] [PMID] []

5. Komorowski J, Pasieka Z, Jankiewicz-Wika J, Stepień H. Matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases and angiogenic cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2002; 12(8): 655-62. ## [DOI:10.1089/105072502760258622] [PMID]

6. Lewandowski K, Komorowski J, O'callaghan C, Tan B, Chen J, Prelevic G, et al. Increased circulating levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and-9 in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2006; 91(3): 1173-7. ## [DOI:10.1210/jc.2005-0648] [PMID]

7. Riahi S. Exercise rehabilitation in heart disease; a systematic review. Journal of Health Research 2016; 1(4): 245-59. ## [DOI:10.18869/acadpub.hrjbaq.1.4.245]

8. Shabani R, Gaeini AA, Nikoo MR, Nikbackt H, Sadegifar M. Comparison the effects of cardiac rehabilitation program (concurrent endurance and resistance training) on exercise capacity of men and women patients with coronary artery disease. Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences 2010; 19(74): 48-57. ##

9. Violi F, Nocella C, Loffredo L, Carnevale R, Pignatelli P. Interventional study with vitamin E in cardiovascular disease and meta-analysis. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 2022; 178: 26-41. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.027] [PMID]

10. Awadallah S. Protein antioxidants in thalassemia. Advances in clinical chemistry 2013; 60:85-128. ## [DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-407681-5.00003-9] [PMID]

11. Vo HVT, Nguyen YT, Kim N, Lee HJ. Vitamin A, D, E, and K as Matrix Metalloproteinase-2/9 regulators that affect expression and enzymatic activity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023; 24(23): 17038. ## [DOI:10.3390/ijms242317038] [PMID] []

12. Dresen E, Lee ZY, Hill A, Notz Q, Patel JJ, Stoppe C. History of scurvy and use of vitamin C in critical illness: A narrative review. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 2023; 38(1): 46-54. ## [DOI:10.1002/ncp.10914] [PMID]

13. Morelli MB, Gambardella J, Castellanos V, Trimarco V, Santulli G. Vitamin C and cardiovascular disease: an update. Antioxidants 2020; 9(12): 1227. ## [DOI:10.3390/antiox9121227] [PMID] []

14. Abdolbaghian S, Jamili S, Manaei A, Moradi A. The effect of microalgae extract Chlorella vulgaris compared to vitamin C on the expression of collagen І and MMP-1 genes in human skin fibroblast cells. Quarterly Journal of Animal Ecology 2020; 12(4): 551-6. ##

15. Shang T, Liu Z, Liu CJ. Antioxidant Vitamin C attenuates experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm development in an elastase-induced rat model. Journal of Surgical Research 2014; 188(1): 316-25. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.1105] [PMID]

16. Khatami PG, Soleimani A, Sharifi N, Aghadavod E, Asemi Z. The effects of high-dose vitamin E supplementation on biomarkers of kidney injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic nephropathy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Lipidology 2016; 10(4): 922-9. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.jacl.2016.02.021] [PMID]

17. Heidarnia E, Taghian F, Jalali Dehkordi K, Moghadasi M. The effect of combined training and consumption of e and c antioxidant supplements on mitochondrial function and biogenesis in the heart tissue of diabetic rats. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 2022; 21(5): 323-33. ##

18. Yu AL, Moriniere J, Welge-Lussen U. Vitamin E reduces TGF-beta2-induced changes in human trabecular meshwork cells. Current Eye Research 2013; 38(9): 952-8. ## [DOI:10.3109/02713683.2013.793360] [PMID]

19. Piraki P, Hemmatfar A, Sharif MAS, Behpour N. Evaluating the effect of vitamin C on myocardial angiogenesis under oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in rat. Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018; 24(4): 273-9. ## [DOI:10.15171/PS.2018.40]

20. Mahmoodi Z, Shabani R, Hojjati-ZiDashti Z, Gholipour M. The effect of concurrent aerobic-resistance training on NT-proBNP levels, blood pressure and body composition of patients with chronic heart failure. Feyz Medical Sciences Journal 2019; 23(3): 269-79. ##

21. Fitzhugh EC, Thompson DL. Leisure-time walking and compliance with ACSM/AHA aerobic-related physical activity recommendations: 1999-2004 NHANES. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2009; 6(4): 393-402. ## [DOI:10.1123/jpah.6.4.393] [PMID]

22. Kimberly Mueller JH. The athlete's guide to sports supplements. translated by younesian ali and shahidi mohammadreza. 1st ed.Tehran: Shahrood University Press; 2015; 55. ##

23. Jourkesh M, Ostojic SM, Azarbayjani MA. The effects of vitamin E and vitamin C supplementation on bioenergetics index. Research in Sports Medicine 2007;15(4): 249-56. ## [DOI:10.1080/15438620701693249] [PMID]

24. Esteki Ghashghaei F, Sadeghi M, Yazdekhasti S. A review of cardiac rehabilitation benefits on physiological aspects in patients with cardiovascular disease. Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences 2012; 7(5): 706-715. ##

25. Holvoet P. Obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and oxidized LDL. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006; 83(6): 1438. ## [DOI:10.1093/ajcn/83.6.1438] [PMID]

26. Pourghane P, Hosseini MA, Mohammadi F, Ahmadi F, Tabari R. Patient's perception of cardiac rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG): A qualitative study. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 2013; 23(106): 61-76. ##

27. Moholdt TT, Amundsen BH, Rustad LA, Wahba A, Løvø KT, Gullikstad LR, et al. Aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise after coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized study of cardiovascular effects and quality of life. American Heart Journal 2009; 158(6): 1031-7. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2009.10.003] [PMID]

28. Olfert IM, Howlett RA, Wagner PD, Breen EC. Myocyte vascular endothelial growth factor is required for exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 2010; 299(4): R1059-R67. ## [DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00347.2010] [PMID] []

29. Higgins MR, Izadi A, Kaviani M. Antioxidants and exercise performance: with a focus on vitamin E and C supplementation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020; 17(22): 8452. ## [DOI:10.3390/ijerph17228452] [PMID] []

30. Jaoude J, Koh Y. Matrix metalloproteinases in exercise and obesity. Vascular Health and Risk Management 2016; 12: 287-95. ## [DOI:10.2147/VHRM.S103877] [PMID] []

31. Cui X, Wang K, Zhang J, Cao ZB. Aerobic exercise ameliorates myocardial fibrosis via affecting vitamin D receptor and transforming growth factor-β1 signaling in vitamin D-deficient mice. Nutrients 2023; 15(3): 741. ## [DOI:10.3390/nu15030741] [PMID] []

32. Archile-Contreras AC, Cha MC, Mandell IB, Miller SP, Purslow PP. Vitamins E and C may increase collagen turnover by intramuscular fibroblasts. Potential for improved meat quality. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2011; 59(2): 608-14. ## [DOI:10.1021/jf103696t] [PMID]

33. Ghalibaf MHE, Kianian F, Beigoli S, Behrouz S, Marefati N, Boskabady M, et al. The effects of vitamin C on respiratory, allergic and immunological diseases: an experimental and clinical-based review. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31(2): 653-72. ## [DOI:10.1007/s10787-023-01169-1] [PMID] []

34. Aliashrafi S, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M, Jafarabadi MA, Lotfi-Dizaji L, Vaghef-Mehrabany E, Arefhosseini SR. Effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in combination with weight loss diet on glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and matrix metalloproteinases in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2020; 45(10): 1092-8. ## [DOI:10.1139/apnm-2018-0773] [PMID]

35. Amir-Sasan R, Mir-Shafii A, Gaeini A, Ravasi A. The effect of exhausting aerobic exercise on matrix metalloproteinases in athletes and non-athletes. Olympics 2007; 40(15): 59-72. ##

36. Villacorta L, Azzi A, Zingg JM. Regulatory role of vitamins E and C on extracellular matrix components of the vascular system. Molecular Aspects of Medicine 2007; 28(5-6): 507-37. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.mam.2007.05.002] [PMID]

37. Sozen E, Demirel T, Ozer NK. Vitamin E: Regulatory role in the cardiovascular system. Iubmb Life 2019; 71(4): 507-15. ## [DOI:10.1002/iub.2020] [PMID]

Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article

‎ 10.61186/armaghanj.30.1.1

Mendeley

Zotero

RefWorks

Karmi E, Shabani R, Rahmaniya F, Elmiye A, Rezagholizadeh M. The Effects of 8 Weeks Aerobic Training and Vitamins E & C Supplementation on the Plasma Levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in Patients with Coronery Heart Desease. armaghanj 2025; 30 (1) :1-17
URL: http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir/article-1-3650-en.html

Rights and permissions
	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Volume 30, Issue 1 (1-2025)

Back to browse issues page

Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.09 seconds with 39 queries by YEKTAWEB 4714