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Evaluation of Dietary Caffeine Intake in Patients with Different Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Compared to the Control Group: A Case-Control Study
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P Eslamnik1   , S Aminzadeh2 , F Bazarganipour3 , B Panahaneh4 , SA Taghavi5 |
1- Department of Obstetrics, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
2- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
3- Department of Midwifery, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
4- Department of Nutrition, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran,
5- Department of Anatomy, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran , vahab.taghavi@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (1489 Views) |
Background & aim: Given the antioxidant properties of caffeine, the lack of existing research on its role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), contradictory results in existing studies, and the lack of studies comparing the role of caffeine in different phenotypes of the syndrome, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate dietary caffeine intake in patients with different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome compared to the control group.
Methods: In the present case-control study, all female patients referred to Shahid Jalil Infertility Clinic of Yasuj, Iran, were examined. The allocation of individuals to control (healthy women) and case (polycystic ovary syndrome) groups after the first visit was based on the Rotterdam criteria (phenotypes A, B, C, D associated with PCOS). After the initial screening, demographic information and food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were administered to the participants to measure dietary caffeine intake. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc, and chi-square tests.
Results: The results of the statistical test indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in dietary caffeine intake between phenotype A (83.90 ± 6.48), phenotype B (65.44 ± 3.52), phenotype C (72.69 ± 7.97), phenotype D (52.29 ± 3.59) and the control group (45.85 ± 5.58) (p<0.001). The mean caffeine intake was highest in phenotype A, followed by phenotypes B, C and D, and the lowest value was in the control group, consequently the difference between all groups was significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that caffeine intake was significantly different among the different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome, with a decreasing trend observed from phenotype A to other phenotypes and the control group. This finding could indicate a potential role of caffeine in modulating metabolic or hormonal features associated with the different phenotypes of this syndrome, although the causal interpretation of this association requires further research.
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| Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Caffeine, Diet. |
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Full-Text [PDF 720 kb]
(23 Downloads)
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Type of Study: case report |
Subject:
Gynaecology
Received: 2026/05/10 | Accepted: 2026/05/10 | Published: 2026/05/26
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