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The Effect of a Strength Training Session on Alpha Phytoprotein, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and Alkaline Phosphatase in People with Regular Training and Forced Non-Training Due to Covid-19
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Mohammad Amini1    , Aghgali Ghasemnian 2, Hasan Gharehkhani1 , Reza Kheyrandish1 |
1- Department of Sports Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
2- Department of Sports Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran , ghasemnian@znu.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (945 Views) |
Mohammadyari S, Hadi H, Saberi Y. Investigation of physiological effects (immune system) of Exercise in COVID-19 epidemic; By providing a training protocol (Systematic review). Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology 2021; 8(1): 88-101.
5.Gaeini A, Ghasemnian A, Dehkordi K, Kazemi A, Fallahi A. The comparison of the effect a single acute exercise on plasma, CRP, TNFα and IL-6 levels in immature obese and normal-weight boys. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 2011; 21(83): 74-8.
6.kemefuna F, Meludu S, Dioka C, Onah C, Okwara J, Nwankwo M, et al. Pattern of some liver enzymes and cardiovascular changes during a trademill exercise. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy 2014; 4: 7-24.
7.Pettersson J, Hindorf U, Persson P, Bengtsson T, Malmqvist U, Werkström V, et al. Muscular exercise can cause highly pathological liver function tests in healthy men. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2008; 65(2): 253-9.
8.Amireault S, Baier JM, Spencer JR. Physical activity preferences among older adults: A systematic review. Journal of Aging and Pysical Activity 2018; 27(1): 128-39.
9.Schidt FV, Ostapowicz G, Murray N, Satyanarana R, Zaman A, Munoz S, et al. Alpha-fetoprotein and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transplantation 2006; 12(12): 1776-81.
10.Zahedpasha Y, Tamaddoni A, Ahmadpour-kacho M, Pourmoghtader S. Serum αFP level in cord blood of full term neonates born in babol city. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 2019; 21(1): 135-9.
11.Otağ A, Hazar M, Otağ İ, Beyleroğlu M. Effect of increasing maximal aerobic exercise on serum gonadal hormones and alpha-fetoprotein in the luteal phase of professional female soccer players. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28(3): 807-10.
12.Schidt FV, Ostapowicz G, Murray N, Satyanarana R, Zaman A, Munoz S, et al. Alpha-fetoprotein and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transplantation 2006; 12(12): 1776-81.
13.Beydilli H, Yilmaz N, Cetin ES, Topal Y, Celik OI, Sahin C, et al. Evaluation of the protective effect of silibinin against diazinon induced hepatotoxicity and free-radical damage in rat liver. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2015; 17(4): e25310.
14.Amireault S, Baier JM, Spencer JR. Physical activity preferences among older adults: A systematic review. Journal of aging and physical activity. 2019 Feb 1;27(1):128-39
15.Esmaelzadeh Toloee M, Faramarzi M, Noroozian P. effect of aerobic training with ginger supplementation on some liver enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT) and resistance to insulin in obese women with type 2 diabetes. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2017; 60(4): 636-47.
16.Ayça B, Agopyan A, Sener A, Oba R, Pastirmaci G. Evaluation of gamma-glutamyl transferase changing in urine related to the training load in the rhythmic gymnasts’ competitors aged 7-10. Biology of Sport 2008; 25(3): 233-44.
17. Samani Jahormi EL, Zulqadri Jahormi S. Effect of alkaline phosphatase on the enzymes and proteins of liver tissue of rat by enzyme inhibition. Journal of Animal Biology 2015; 7(4): 177-88.
18.Marzban A, Seyedalipour B, Mianabadi M, Taravati A. Investigation of the Enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, transaminase and histopathological changes of liver after exposure to nio and nio nanoparticles in rats. The Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 2017; 25(5): 381-95.
19.Hosseini Kakhk A, Khalegh Zadeh H, Nematy M, Hamedi Nia M. The effect of combined aerobic-resistance training on lipid profile and liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver under nutrition diet. Sport Physiology 2015; 7(27): 65-84.
20.Galedari M, Kaki A. The effect of 12 weeks high intensity interval training and resistance training on liver fat, liver enzymes and insulin resistance in men with nonalcoholic fatty liver. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal 2017; 16(5): 493-503.
21.Shamsoddini A, Sobhani V, Chehreh MEG, Alavian SM, Zaree A. Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise training on liver enzymes and hepatic fat in Iranian men with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatitis Monthly 2015;15(10): 431-439.
22.Ghanbari Niaki A, Tayebi S-m, Ghorban Alizade Ghaziani F, Hakimi J. The effect of a single-circuit weight-training session on lipid profiles and serum lipoprotein changes in students of physical education. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2006; 2(4): 35-44.
33.Asouri M. Acute Effects of jujube ziziphus solution feeding before a single session of circuit resistance exercise on apoptosis of human neutrophil. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2017; 13(25): 97-114.
24.Jürimäe T, Karelson K, Smirnova T, Viru A. The effect of a single-circuit weight-training session on the blood biochemistry of untrained university students. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 1990; 61(5): 344-8.
25.Mihalik JP, Libby JJ, Battaglini CL, McMurray RG. Comparing short-term complex and compound training programs on vertical jump height and power output. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 2008; 22(1): 47-53.
26. Ko IG, Park EM, Choi HJ, Yoo J, Lee JK, Jee YS. Proper exercise decreases plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels with the improvement of body condition in elderly women. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2014;233(1):17-23.
27.Mousavian AS, Darvakh H. Effect of combined aerobic exercise on serum level of liver gamma glutamil transferase and glycemic index of middle-aged diabetic women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility 2016; 19(1): 9-19.
28.Moradi Kelardeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Peeri M, Matin Homaee H. Effects of nonlinear resistance training on liver biochemical marker levels in postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2016; 5(4): 136-45.
29.Nazarieh E, Ghaedi H, Taghipour- Asrami A. Effect of 8 weeks resistance training with zataria multiflora supplementation on liver enzymes, hepatic steatosis index in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2020; 16(31): 115-26.
30.Johnson NA, Sachinwalla T, Walton DW, Smith K, Armstrong A, Thompson MW, et al. Aerobic exercise training reduces hepatic and visceral lipids in obese individuals without weight loss. Hepatology 2009; 50(4): 1105-12.
31.Naghizadeh H, Azizbeigi K. Effect of 12 weeks of progressive resistance training on the serum levels of liver enzymes Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase in sedentary obese men. Metabolism and Exercise 2019; 9(2): 85-162.
32.Rowell LB, Blackmon JR, Bruce RA. Indocyanine green clearance and estimated hepatic blood flow during mild to maximal exercise in upright man. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 1964; 43(8): 1677-90.
33.Fathi R, Nasiri K, Akbari A, Ahmadi-KaniGolzar F, Farajtabar Z. Exercise protects against ethanol-induced damage in rat heart and liver through the inhibition of apoptosis and activation of Nrf2/Keap-1/HO-1 pathway. Life Sciences 2020; 256: 117958.
34.Aoi W, Naito Y, Hang LP, Uchiyama K, Akagiri S, Mizushima K, et al. Regular exercise prevents high-sucrose diet-induced fatty liver via improvement of hepatic lipid metabolism. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2011; 413(2): 330-5.
35.Strasser B, Schobersberger W. Evidence for resistance training as a treatment therapy in obesity. Journal of Obesity 2011; Volume 2011, 9 pages. doi:10.1155/2011/482564
36.Otağ A, Hazar M, Otağ İ, Beyleroğlu M. Effect of increasing maximal aerobic exercise on serum gonadal hormones and alpha-fetoprotein in the luteal phase of professional female soccer players. Journal of Physical Therapy Science 2016; 28(3): 807-10.
Armaghane-danesh, Yasuj University of Original Article
Medical Sciences Journal (YUMSJ)
The Effect of a Strength Training Session on Alpha Phytoprotein, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and Alkaline Phosphatase in People with Regular Training and Forced Non-Training Due to Covid-19
Amini M, Ghasemnian A*, Gharehkhani H, Kheyrandish R
1Department of Sports Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
Received: 28 Oct 2023 Accepted: 31 Dec 2023
Abstract
Background & aim: The corona epidemic and the closure of the clubs led to the forced non-training of athletes and as a result increased abdominal fat and obesity and caused the spread of liver diseases. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a strength training session on alpha phytoprotein, gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase in men with regular training and forced non-training due to covid-19.
Methods: The current research was a semi-experimental study. According to the current quarantine conditions due to the spread of the coronavirus, 18 male athletes were selected in a targeted manner from among the available male athletes in Zanjan city. The second included 9 people who had not exercised in the past 6 months. On the day of the test, after consuming a standard breakfast by the subjects, the first blood sample was taken in the amount of 5 ml while sitting, then a training program with weights, consisting of 10 movements with 60% of a maximum repetition with supervision Three referees were conducted. Then, the second blood sample was taken one hour after the end of the training under the same conditions. To adjust the plasma volume, the Dale and Castile formula was used and AFP was measured with the Architect 2000 device. Correspondingly, the GGT level was measured with the Prestige autoanalyzer and ALP was also measured using the fully automatic biolis50i autoanalyzer. Data were analyzed using independent sample T-test, paired-sample-T-test, and Covariance using SPSS software.
Results: A session of resistance training had no significant effect on the levels of alpha phytoprotein (AFP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the plasma of trained and untrained men(P>0.05). Also, after a session of resistance training, the level of gammaglutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase and alpha-phytoprotein in the plasma of the untrained group did not change significantly(P>0.05), but the level of alpha-phytoprotein in the trained group decreased significantly(P<0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the lack of effect of a strength training session on AFP, GGT and ALP serum levels of untrained and trained men, it can be said that the effect of a strength training session on changes in liver enzymes of trained and untrained men is the same. However, the reduction of alpha-phytoprotein as a cancer parameter and a predictor of acute liver problems in the exercised group may indicate the effect of regular exercise in reducing risk factors in response to an acute activity session.
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| Keywords: Detraining, Strength training, Alpha-phytoprotein, Gamma glutamyl transferase, Alkaline phosphatase |
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Full-Text [PDF 622 kb]
(171 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Sport Physiology
Received: 2023/10/28 | Accepted: 2023/12/31 | Published: 2024/01/13
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| References |
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Effect of alkaline phosphatase on the enzymes and proteins of liver tissue of rat by enzyme inhibition. Journal of Animal Biology 2015; 7(4): 177-88.## 18. Marzban A, Seyedalipour B, Mianabadi M, Taravati A. Investigation of the Enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, transaminase and histopathological changes of liver after exposure to nio and nio nanoparticles in rats. The Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 2017; 25(5): 381-95.## 19. Hosseini Kakhk A, Khalegh Zadeh H, Nematy M, Hamedi Nia M. The effect of combined aerobic-resistance training on lipid profile and liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver under nutrition diet. Sport Physiology 2015; 7(27): 65-84.## 20. Galedari M, Kaki A. The effect of 12 weeks high intensity interval training and resistance training on liver fat, liver enzymes and insulin resistance in men with nonalcoholic fatty liver. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal 2017; 16(5): 493-503.## 21. Shamsoddini A, Sobhani V, Chehreh MEG, Alavian SM, Zaree A. Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise training on liver enzymes and hepatic fat in Iranian men with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatitis Monthly 2015;15(10): 431-439.## [ DOI:10.5812/hepatmon.31434] [ PMID] [ ] 22. Ghanbari Niaki A, Tayebi S-m, Ghorban Alizade Ghaziani F, Hakimi J. The effect of a single-circuit weight-training session on lipid profiles and serum lipoprotein changes in students of physical education. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2006; 2(4): 35-44.## 23. Asouri M. Acute Effects of jujube ziziphus solution feeding before a single session of circuit resistance exercise on apoptosis of human neutrophil. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2017; 13(25): 97-114.## 24. Jürimäe T, Karelson K, Smirnova T, Viru A. The effect of a single-circuit weight-training session on the blood biochemistry of untrained university students. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 1990; 61(5): 344-8.## [ DOI:10.1007/BF00236051] [ PMID] 25. Mihalik JP, Libby JJ, Battaglini CL, McMurray RG. Comparing short-term complex and compound training programs on vertical jump height and power output. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 2008; 22(1): 47-53.## [ DOI:10.1519/JSC.0b013e31815eee9e] [ PMID] 26. Ko IG, Park EM, Choi HJ, Yoo J, Lee JK, Jee YS. Proper exercise decreases plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels with the improvement of body condition in elderly women. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2014;233(1):17-23.## [ DOI:10.1620/tjem.233.17] [ PMID] 27. Mousavian AS, Darvakh H. Effect of combined aerobic exercise on serum level of liver gamma glutamil transferase and glycemic index of middle-aged diabetic women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility 2016; 19(1): 9-19.## 28. Moradi Kelardeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Peeri M, Matin Homaee H. Effects of nonlinear resistance training on liver biochemical marker levels in postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2016; 5(4): 136-45.## 29. Nazarieh E, Ghaedi H, Taghipour- Asrami A. Effect of 8 weeks resistance training with zataria multiflora supplementation on liver enzymes, hepatic steatosis index in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology 2020; 16(31): 115-26.## 30. Johnson NA, Sachinwalla T, Walton DW, Smith K, Armstrong A, Thompson MW, et al. Aerobic exercise training reduces hepatic and visceral lipids in obese individuals without weight loss. Hepatology 2009; 50(4): 1105-12.## [ DOI:10.1002/hep.23129] [ PMID] 31. Naghizadeh H, Azizbeigi K. Effect of 12 weeks of progressive resistance training on the serum levels of liver enzymes Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase in sedentary obese men. Metabolism and Exercise 2019; 9(2): 85-162.## 32. Rowell LB, Blackmon JR, Bruce RA. Indocyanine green clearance and estimated hepatic blood flow during mild to maximal exercise in upright man. The Journal of Clinical Investigation 1964; 43(8): 1677-90.## [ DOI:10.1172/JCI105043] [ PMID] [ ] 33. Fathi R, Nasiri K, Akbari A, Ahmadi-KaniGolzar F, Farajtabar Z. Exercise protects against ethanol-induced damage in rat heart and liver through the inhibition of apoptosis and activation of Nrf2/Keap-1/HO-1 pathway. Life Sciences 2020; 256: 117958.## [ DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117958] [ PMID] 34. Aoi W, Naito Y, Hang LP, Uchiyama K, Akagiri S, Mizushima K, et al. Regular exercise prevents high-sucrose diet-induced fatty liver via improvement of hepatic lipid metabolism. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2011; 413(2): 330-5.## [ DOI:10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.08.097] [ PMID] 35. Strasser B, Schobersberger W. Evidence for resistance training as a treatment therapy in obesity. Journal of Obesity 2011 [ DOI:10.1155/2011/482564] [ PMID] [ ] 36. Volume 2011, 9 pages. doi:10.1155/2011/482564## [ DOI:10.1155/2011/482564] [ PMID] [ ] 37. Otağ A, Hazar M, Otağ İ, Beyleroğlu M. Effect of increasing maximal aerobic exercise on serum gonadal hormones and alpha-fetoprotein in the luteal phase of professional female soccer players. Journal of Physical Therapy Science 2016; 28(3): 807-10.##. [ DOI:10.1589/jpts.28.807] [ PMID] [ ] |
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amini M, ghasemnian A, gharehkhani H, kheyrandish R. The Effect of a Strength Training Session on Alpha Phytoprotein, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and Alkaline Phosphatase in People with Regular Training and Forced Non-Training Due to Covid-19. armaghanj 2024; 29 (1) :35-49 URL: http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir/article-1-3543-en.html
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