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Longitudinal Changes in BMI Among Adult undergoing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Evidence from Shariati Hospital, Tehran
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Sara Mahmoodi   , Maryam Barkhordar , Reza Amiri Khosroshahi , Hossein Imani , Mohammad Vaezi , Bahman Panahande , Hamed Mohammadi1 |
| 1- , mohamadihd@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (2 Views) |
Background and objectives
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is recognized as an effective treatment for both malignant and non-malignant hematologic diseases. However, this therapeutic method is associated with numerous metabolic and nutritional challenges, one of the most significant being malnutrition and changes in body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study was to investigate BMI changes in adult HSCT candidates and identify the factors influencing these changes.
Methods
This prospective, longitudinal, single-center study was conducted on 195 patients who were candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at Shariati Hospital in Tehran. BMI measurements were taken at three different time points: before transplantation, one month after transplantation, and 100 days after transplantation. Clinical and demographic variables were also collected and analyzed.
Results
Of the 195 patients, 125 (64%) were male and 70 (36%) were female. The most common initial diagnosis was acute myeloid leukemia (AML), accounting for 50.8% of cases, followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at 33.8%. Other diagnoses comprised 15.4% of cases and included myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myelofibrosis (MF), paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), aplastic anemia (AA), and Hodgkin’s disease (HD). The average BMI of patients significantly decreased over time (p < 0.001). The presence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), how long patients stayed in the hospital, and their initial diagnosis were all strongly linked to changes in BMI (p < 0.001).
Discussion and Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate that changes in BMI are common during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and are affected by different clinical factors like the severity of GVHD, Length of hospitalization, and their initial diagnosis. Accurate monitoring of patients’ nutritional status and appropriate interventions during and after treatment may play an important role in improving clinical outcomes for these patients.
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| Keywords: Body Mass Index, Malnutrition, Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Nutrition
Received: 2025/05/6 | Accepted: 2025/09/14 | Published: 2025/09/20
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