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Vein of Galen Malformation with Good Outcome in a 3-day-old Neonate: A Case Report
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Bita Pourmohammadi   , Negin Armide , Ghasem Bayani , Meisam Babaei1 |
| 1- , babaee1359@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (50 Views) |
Introduction:
Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a vascular anomaly that develops during the fetal period, specifically between 6–11 weeks of pregnancy. It can be diagnosed prenatally through ultrasound and MRI, and postnatally using MRI and CT imaging. This malformation may present with neurological symptoms and typically has a poor prognosis without treatment. The aim of this study was to report a case of VGAM diagnosed after birth with good prognosis.
Case report:
A 3 days boy presenting with jaundice and respiratory distress. He was born via normal vaginal delivery (NVD) at a gestational age of 37 weeks, with an Apgar score of 9-10, and a birth weight of 3060 grams. On examination, the infant exhibited caput succedaneum (temporary swelling of the soft tissues on the head), increased head circumference, undescended testicles (UDT), a hemangioma at the tip of the nose, and heart murmur (II/VI). The patient's mother had a history of chronic hypertension. Due to the increased head circumference, the infant underwent brain CT scan and then MRI and MRV, which revealed a 20x30 mm aneurysm in the vein of Galen. Echocardiography showed a closing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and a dilated right ventricle. The patient underwent staged embolization's (a mini-invasive endovascular procedure) during 20 months after the initial diagnosis. The patient has no renal, hepatic, or cardiac issues. His language, personal, and social development are normal; however, he exhibits a mild delay in motor development. On the growth chart, he is in the 5th percentile, with an upward trend observed.
Conclusion:
Failure to diagnose and treat VGAM can result in a poor prognosis or death. Therefore, brain aneurysmal malformation should be considered in infants with macrocephaly and cardiomegaly. In this report, early and timely diagnosis followed by appropriate treatment allowed the child to lead a near-normal life, supported by therapy and regular follow-up.
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| Keywords: Vein of Galen Malformation (VGAM), Apgar, Brain Aneurysm, Neonate |
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Type of Study: case report |
Subject:
Clinical
Received: 2025/01/24 | Accepted: 2025/07/9 | Published: 2025/07/16
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