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Introduction & Objective: Relaxation is one of the efficient methods in decreasing the occurance of ventricular arrhythmia. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of relaxation methods on the rate of ventricular arrhythmia in patients swith myocardial infarction. Materials & Methods: This study is a clinical trial in which 60 patients with myocardial infarction have been randomly divided into two, experimental and control groups. Data collecting tools were a demographic characteristics form and also a ventricular arrhythmia checklist. In order to assess the effect of relaxation, relaxation method was performed on experimental and control groups and the rate of occurance of ventricular arrhythmia was compared before and after relaxation in both groups. Results: Most of the studied cases were married with primery education level and their monthly income was more than 2000000 Rials. The findings of this study showed that the rate of ventricular arrhythmia in the experimental group was lower in comparison with the control group and this difference was statisticaly significant. Conclusion: Relaxation can be used as an efficient element in decreasing ventricular arrhythmia in patients with myocardial infarction.

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Introduction & Objective: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) reduces cardiovascular mortality and improves cardiovascular and mental status of cardiac patients. Evaluation of the effects of CR in different groups according to sex, age and cause of disease would help the CR program to be special and individual and reduces the cost of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of CR in patients referring to CR program with different reasons. Materials & Methods: We studied 310 cardiac patients including 150 CABG, 44 PTCA and 110 persons with any other cause like MI, angina, etc. without revascularization. All patients were subjected to a 24 sessions of CR including aerobic exercise, education & diet therapy. Exercise capacity, ejection fraction (EF), lipid profile and body mass index (BMI) were measured before & after the CR program. The data were analyzed using Chi-square, independent pair t-test and ANOVA. Results: Results of this study showed that lipid profile, exercise capacity, EF and BMI were improved after CR in all groups. Changes of the variables were the same in all groups and the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: All the male and female patients attending CR program equally benefited from CR. We concluded that patients under medical treatment could improve their cardiovascular status before revascularization and sometimes postpone the intensive procedures.

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ABSTRACT: Introduction & Objective: It has been noted that the myocardial infarction is an increasing episode in Islamic Republic of Iran and there are many procedures and methods which can help to reduce the number of death from this ongoing event. The aim of this study was to determine the survival rate in those patients who have had acute myocardial infarction and its association with different variables. Materials & Methods: This descriptive analytic study evaluates 111 cases of acute myocardial infarction admitted in Yasuj Imam Sajjad hospital during the year 2004 and 2005. Data were collected using a questionnaire which was completed through direct interviewing by trained personnel. The data were analyzed by standard statistical tests using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of patients was 57± 12 years. The mean time of having access to physician after MI was 4 ± 2.2 hours. The mean time of reaching hospital after physician order was 5 ± 4.9 hours. The mean time of hospitalization was 4 ± 1.67 days. Considering the past history of these patients revealed that 31 percent were smokers, 16 percent had the history of previous ischemic heart disease, 63 percent had hypertension, 8 percent had diabetes mellitus, 95 percent had clip I, 95 percent had no previous block, 82 percent had MI with Q wave. The survival rate in our study was found to be 0.91 in the first 10 hours, 0.847 in the first day, 0.829 in the first 28 days, 0.820 in the first third months, 0.792 in the first six months and 0.771 in the first 10 months of disease. Conclusion: The mortality rate during the first month among the patients with heart failure turned out to be higher than that of the other similar studies performed in other parts of the country however, the annual survival rate proved to be less. The most important causes of survival after the stroke are being single, smoking, fatness and angina pain

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Introduction & Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common causes of mortality and sleep disturbances are common in today society. The purpose of the present study is to determine relationship between wide spectrum of sleep disorders including dyssomnias and parasomnias and occurrence of myocardial infarction. Materials & Methods: This is a prospective case control study which was performed on 65 patients with acute myocardial infarction and 65 cases of their healthy relatives. Data were collected by Epworth sleepiness scale and analyzed with SPSS software and using chi square, t-test and variance analysis. Results: For dyssomnias, frequency of early awakening in the morning, sleep duration at night, difficulty in falling asleep, sleep disruption and restless leg syndrome in case group were significantly higher than control group. For parasomnias, frequency of sleep paralysis, nightmare and sleep walking in case group were significantly higher than control group. Conclusion: Sleep disorders are more frequent among patients with myocardial infraction and can be considered as a risk factor for this disorder.

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Abstract Background & aim: Myocardial infarction is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. Streptokinase is used in patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation. The aim of this study was to compare the side effects of intravenous streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction patients in different age groups. Methods: In the present analytic descriptive study, the samples included 100 eligible patients which received intravenous streptokinase. The research instrument was a questionnaire consisting of two parts: the first part was used to measure the underlying data and the second part to evaluate the side effects of intravenous streptokinase,. Data were analyzed by chi-square statistical tests. Results: There were no significant adverse events between intravenous streptokinase and different age groups ((P>0.05).). The most common side effects of this drug were cardiovascular complications in different age groups. Conclusion: the use of streptokinase intravenous drug in different age groups is associated with risk of cardiovascular complications. Key words: age, side effects, streptokinase, acute myocardial infarction, thrombolytic therapy, ST elevation

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Abstract
 
Background and Aim: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a permanent and irreversible cell death and death of the myocardium. Physical training reduces cardiac muscle apoptosis, but its molecular process is still unknown in response to activity and also the intensity of exercise. Exercise activity can be expected to prevent cell death by influencing the most important factors affecting the apoptosis process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise intensity on apoptosis in rats with myocardial infarction.
 
Methods: In this experimental study, 18 male Wistar rats with myocardial infarction were divided into three groups: High intensity periodic exercise (HIIT), Low intensity (LIIT) and Control group (without exercise). Bcl-2 and Bax cardiomyocyte concentrations were evaluated as the main markers of apoptosis by qRT-PCR method.
 
Results: Bcl-2 values ​​were significantly higher in the high intensity exercise group (HIIT) than in the control group (p = 0.077), in the low intensity periodic exercise group (LIIT) (p = 0.017) were more than the control group. Bax values ​​were significantly higher in the high intensity periodic exercise group (HIIT) (p = 0.019) than in the control group. While in the low intensity exercise group (LIIT), there was no significant increase compared to the control group (p = 0.98). BCL-2 values ​​in the low intensity periodic exercise group (LIIT) were higher than the high intensity periodic exercise group (HIIT) (p = 0.023). Bax index values ​​in the high intensity periodic exercise group (HIIT) were higher than the low intensity exercise group (1.91).
 
Conclusion: Periodic training was performed by expression of Bcl-2 and Bax gene and as a result of reduction of apoptosis in cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction, which depends on the intensity of exercise. In addition, low intensity periodic exercises have a greater effect than high intensity periodic exercises. On this basis, it is recommended that attention be paid to intensive training in cardiac rehab.
 
 
 

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Background & aim: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as the strongest and most important stimulant of angiogenesis increases the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells and vascular network formation. The expression of this protein in hypoxia conditions is increased and stimulates angiogenesis by increasing the expression of hypoxia-induced factor (HIF-1). The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of moderate intensity endurance training on the expression of HIF-1 and VEGF genes in the heart muscle of male rats with myocardial infarction.
 
Methods: In the present experimental study conducted in 2019, 16 Wistar male rats of 10 weeks old and mean weight 250-300gr were allocated to two groups of Exercise (60 minutes of interval treadmill running for four minutes with the intensity of 65-70 and two minutes of active rest at 50-60 percent of VO_2max for 5 days a week for 8 weeks) and control group (without any training). Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of genes. Data were analyzed in SPSS18 using independent t test (P≤ 0.05).
 
Results: The results of independent t-test related to experimental and control groups in VEGF and HIF-1 cardiac muscle index indicated that VEGF in the exercise group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.001) and also HIF-1 in the exercise group. It was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.001).
 
Conclusion: In general, eight weeks of moderate intensity endurance training increases the effective factors in angiogenesis in male Wistar rats after myocardial infarction. Hypoxia resulting from eight moderate intensity endurance training increases HIF-1 and on the other hand this protein increased the expression of VEGF gene, which is the most important stimulator of angiogenesis, and ultimately increased angiogenesis in the heart muscle.
 
 

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Abstract
Background & aim: Considering the high prevalence of myocardial infarction and the presence of cognitive problems in these patients, it is necessary to carry out effective interventions to improve their cognitive function and mental processes. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing on the cognitive function of patients with myocardial infarction.

Methods: The present clinical-trial study was conducted in 2020-2021 on 60 patients with myocardial infarction in medical centers of Yasuj, Iran. Patients were randomly divided into two control and intervention groups. Patients in the intervention group received 6 individual 60-minute EMDR sessions over 2 weeks. Patients in the control group received only routine care. Information was collected using a demographic information questionnaire before the intervention and Fulstein's cognitive function before and after the intervention in two groups. Data analysis was done by SPSS V.21.0 software and descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage) and inferential (multivariate covariance analysis and independent t) statistics.

Results: The majority of patients were male (66.7%) and were in the age range of 51-60 years. After the implementation of EMDR, the average score of the total cognitive function and all its subscales in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.001). After adjusting the post-test scores by removing the pre-test effect, it was revealed that the intervention had a significant effect on strengthening cognitive performance (F=440/48, p<0/001, partial η2 = 0/889).

Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of EMDR therapeutic intervention on the cognitive performance of patients with myocardial infarction in the present study, it is possible to take an effective step by integrating this type of therapeutic intervention in routine care to strengthen the cognitive performance of these patients.