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Background & aim: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and one of the factors threatening the health of women worldwide. Leptin is a 16 kD glycoprotein hormone produced predominantly by white adipose tissue. Leptin binds to receptors in the hypothalamus and plays a key role in regulation of metabolism. Both leptin and leptin receptor have recently been implicated in processes and progress leading to breast cancer initiation. The aim of this study was to identify if there is association between leptin and pathological indexes in patients with breast cancer Methods: 45women with breast cancer were enrolled. Serum leptin levels of patients were measured by the ELISA method. Pathological information such as stage of the breast cancer, Hormonal receptor (ER, PR) and Her2 status in these patients were determined. Result: Results revealed that the patients who were in stage one and two, the mean serum leptin level was (34.18±21.22 ng/ml) And patients who were in stage three and four, the mean serum leptin level was (32.21±21/93 ng/ml). Also the mean serum leptin levels in patients whose receptor status of ER, PR and HER2 positive were (35.90±23.55, 35.74±23.91and 37.02±24.25ng/ml), respectively. The Patients whose receptor status of ER, PR and HER2 negative were 26.64±13.13, 28.17±14.26and31.32±19.9ng/ml respectively. No significant association was found between leptin leveland stage of the breast cancer, hormonal receptor (ER, PR) and Her2 status in Patients with Breast cancer(p>0.05). Conclusions: In this study, no association was found between serum leptin level and pathological indices in women with Breast cancer in Yasuj, Iran.

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Background & aim: Intense and prolonged exercise and physical activity are the factors that can disrupt the balance of free radical production, antioxidant systems of the body and decreased leptin levels. It has also been suggested that zinc acts as a mediator in leptin production while affecting superoxide dismutase activation and food intake. The purpose of the present study was to determine and evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of incremental aerobic training with zinc supplementation on muscle superoxide dismutase activity, serum leptin level and weight changes in male Wistar rats.
 
Methods: In the present experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (control, exercise, exercise + zinc and zinc). The training protocol consisted of incremental aerobic exercise on the treadmill for 8 weeks (5 days a week). In the zinc supplement group, 227 mg of zinc sulfate was dissolved in 100 ml of edible water and made available to the animals. 48 hours after the last training session, blood and tissue samples were collected and leptin concentration and the amount of superoxide dismutase activity was measured by ELISA and spectrophotometrically respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests.
 
Results: no significant difference was observed after eight weeks of training with zinc supplementation in skeletal muscle superoxide dismutase activity among groups (p<0.05), but serum leptin and weight changes in the groups Zinc supplementation and exercise group consumed significantly less zinc supplementation than the control group (p<0.05) In the control group (P=0.04, R=0.71) and in the exercise group (P=0.03, R=0.75), there was an inverse correlation was observed between serum leptin level and muscle superoxide dismutase activity.
 
Conclusion: according to the results of the present study, it was concluded that zinc supplementation has been shown to control weight, decrease leptin and reverse the correlation between serum leptin and superoxide dismutase activity.


 

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Background & aim: Consumption of crunchy foods and lack of nutritional hygiene causes destruction of adipose tissue homeostasis and secretion of inflammatory factors. Aerobic exercise is one of the ways to control inflammation adipose tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigation the simultaneous effect of aerobic exercise and Octopamine on NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 1 (NLRP1), leptin, carbonyl protein of brown adipose tissue changes in rats fed with deep fried oil.
 
Methods: In the present experimental study conducted in 2019, 40 male Wistar rats (age 20 weeks; weight ± 350 20 20 g) were randomly selected in healthy control groups (n = 8), control with heated oil (n = 8). Poisoned + aerobic exercise (number = 8), poisoned + octapamine (number = 8) and poisoned + aerobic exercise + octapamine (number = 8). Heated oil was fed orally (gavage) to the relevant rats for 4 weeks. The dose used was 81 mg / kg octapamine by intraperitoneal (IP) injection and dissolved in 9% normal saline. Aerobic exercise groups also trained on a treadmill for 4 weeks with increasing intensity in the first week of 50% of aerobic power and in the last week the intensity of training reached 65% of aerobic power. Concentrations of leptin, protonyl carbonyl were assessed by ELISA method and brown adipose tissue changes were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin and IHC staining methods. Real time PCR and immunohistochemical methods were used to determine changes in NLRP1 gene and protein, respectively. The collected data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and independent t-test.
 
Results: In all toxic groups, a significant increase in NLRP1 gene and protein expression was observed, as well as an increase in carbonyl protein and leptin compared to the healthy control group (p≤0.05). The results showed that the expression of NLRP1 gene and protein in the poisoned + aerobic exercise and poisoned + octapamine groups had a significant decrease compared to the poisoned group (p≤0.05). Also, the expression of NLRP1 protein in the toxic-aerobic + octapamine group was significantly different in comparison with the poisoned control group (p≤0.05). while the expression of this gene in the DFO + aerobic + octapamine group did not decrease significantly compared to the toxic group. The results showed a significant difference in the concentration of carbonyl protein in the DFO-aerobic and DFO-octapamine groups compared to the DFO sole group, but this result was not observed in the DFO-aerobic exercise + octapamine. Leptin concentration in the poisoned+aerobic exercise (poisoned+octapamine and poisoned+aerobic exercise + octapamine) groups was significantly reduced compared to the poisoned group.
 
Conclusion: It looked as if that the use of octapamine supplement along with aerobic exercise with control of NLRP1 and reduction of leptin were effective in controlling risk factors for adipose tissue.