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ABSTRACT: Introduction & Objective: Hydatid cyst is located in human and some animal visceral organs such as liver and lung. The disease is considered as a medical, veterinary and economical problem in endemic area. When the hydatid cyst is ruptured, protoscolices from inside the cyst may spread out to other parts of the body and develops a new cyst named secondary hydatid cyst. In this research in an attempt to prevent secondary hydatid cyst, protective potential of protoscolices surface antigens extracted with different detergents has been investigated in animal model. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, groups of Balb/c mice were immunized intra-peritoneally with protoscolices homogenate and three detergent (SDS, Tween and Triton x–100) extracted protoscolices surface antigens and alum as adjuvant. These mice were then boosted two times with the same antigens fortnightly. Control mice were simultaneously injected with alum alone. Two weeks following the last injection all the mice in cases and control groups were challenged with live protoscolices. Three months afterward all the mice in case and control groups were sacrificed and their peritoneal cavities were explored for hydatid cysts. Results: The mean of developed cyst number in mice injected with protoscolices homogenate was 3±2, while in control group the mean of developed cysts number was 5.8 ± 1.7 (p< 0.02). The mean of developed cyst number in mice injected with SDS, Tween and Triton x–100 extracted protoscolices surface antigens was 3, 3.6 and 3.4, respectively, while the mean of developed cyst number in control group was 5.8. Conclusion: The mean of cyst number in cases and control groups was different and this difference was statistically significant. Results of this investigation revealed that protoscolices homogenate antigens and some detergent extracted antigens are protective against secondary hydatid cyst infection

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Introduction & Objective: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic infection of humans and domestic animals caused by larvae of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. Echinococcosis has a world-wide geographic distribution and occurs in all continents. CE is one of the most important zoonotic diseases prevalent in different parts of Iran and human cases are repeatedly reported from medical centers in different regions of Iran. This study was conducted to survey the hospital records of hydatidosis between 1996 and 2006 in Yasuj, southwest of Iran. Materials & Methods: Hospital records of CE patients from 1996-2006 in three hospitals in Yasuj were carefully studied. Data such as age, sex, occupation, place of residence, number of cyst, cyst location, clinical signs and other related features were recorded in a predestined information sheet. Collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: Results of this study showed that during 1996 to 2006 (10 years) 105 cases of hydatidosis have been admitted in Yasuj hospitals, out of which 70 cases (66.7%) were women and 35 cases (33.3%) were men. Considering the age of patients, the highest rate of infection was recorded in 31-40 year old patients. Female housekeepers with 66.7% of cases were found to be the main victims of the disease. Hepatic cyst was recorded in 81% of cases where nephrotic cyst was the second most prevalent one. Most of the patients (87.8%) had only one cyst, though 11.4% of the patients had 2 cysts and in one case 18 cysts have been isolated from the patient. Recurrence of the disease, based of number of patient's operation, was noted in 14.3% of cases and in one case five times of surgery for removing of hydatid cyst were noted. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that CE is an endemic disease in the studied area. Data also suggest that the trend and number of CE cases remained unchanged during the 10 years in this area. Therefore, effective steps should be taken to control the disease in this hydatid cyst endemic district.

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Background & aim: Hydatidosis is a zoonosis disease with worldwide distribution. This disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Most cases of hydatid cyst of the liver and lung are reported, but rarely in the brain, heart, kidney, urethra, spleen, fallopian tubes, pancreas, and muscles are observed. The purpose of this report introduces a 9-year-old girl who was diagnosed with renal hydatid cyst. Case: This patient was a female, 9 years old of Kohgiluye and Boyerahmad Province, with feelings of right flank pain during urination. CT scan show a cystic lesion measuring 36 to 44 mm in the middle of right kidney. The patient's surgery was operated successfully And histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid cyst. the patient was treated for four weeks with Albendazole (400 mg twice daily). Conclusion: The statistics show that the age of the infection with renal hydatid cyst is declining and this can makes many problems for the health of children and society. Each organ of the body can be attacked by Echinococcus granulosus, so in the presence of a space occupying lesion in the kidney, hydatidosis should be suspected. Calcified hydatid cyst in a such young child is a very rare condition

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Background and Aim: It is difficult to use chemical drugs to treat  of hydatid cyst due to their different side effects. Therefore, today, the use of non-chemical compounds such as medicinal plants is considered as a method of treatment against hydatid cyst. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of scoliosis of clove extract in invitro.
 
Methods: In this experimental study, different concentrations of clove extract at various times in experimental conditions were investigated to evaluate its effects on hydatid cyst. Protoscolexes were completely sterilized from hydatid cyst infected sheep liverand exposed to 3 concentrations of clove extract (10, 25 and 50 mg / ml) for for 10, 20, 30 and 60 minute. The survival of protoscolexes was determined with 0.1% eosin staining. The collected data were analyzed by statistical tests.
 
Results: Based on our results, the scolicidal effects of this plant on Hydatid Cysts in all concentrations was significant compared to the control groups (p<0.05). Carob extract at concentration of 50 mg/ml destroyed all protoscolices in 30 min.
 
Conclusion: The results also showed that the extract of this plant produce high scolicidal activity; However, in vivo efficacy of this medicinal plant remains to be studied for treatment of hydatid cysts in humans and herbivorous animals.
 
 

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Background & aim: Hydatid disease of urinary tract is limited to renal involvement by echinococcus granolosus. Involvement of other parts of the urinary tract has been limited. However, the other types of echinococcuses are rare. The aim of this study was to report experiences with renal hydatid cyst, and a brief review of articles.

 

Methods: In the present study, 16 patients aged 9 to 61 were operated in Yasuj, Iran, from September 2001 to September 2005. Diagnostic methods included ultrasound, CT scan, MRI and serologic tests. Fourteen patients were diagnosed by open surgery with peristaltic neoplasia through peristaltic peristalsis and 2 patients diagnosed with renal tumor, but their pathology was diagnosed. In addition, in this study review was carried out of the published English-language studies in Pabmind and Scopus.

 

Results: The mean age of the patients 39 years (9 to 61 years), the ratio of women to men, serologic tests were negative in both cases, which were negative for nephrectomy, ultrasound, CT scan and MRI had no specific differentiation for renal hydatid cyst.

 

Conclusions: Renal hydatid cyst is still one of the health problems that should be considered. Due to advances in imaging techniques, rapid diagnosis of kidney hydatid cyst is possible, but renal hydatid cyst should be rejected in any cystic mass in the kidney, especially in endemic areas before surgery.

 

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Background & aim: Hydatid cyst is one of the most common parasitic human and animal diseases in the world and Iran as well and, is important from health and economic viewpoint. Understanding the latest status of the disease prevalence and its associated factors is essential for decision makers and health authorities in each region. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hydatid cyst in slaughtered livestock in Sarpol Zahab city and the sero-epidemiology of human hydatid cyst in this city.

Methods: In the present descriptive cross-sectional study which was carried out in 2018, carcasses of 3000 cattle, including 1000 cattle, sheep and goats in Sarpol slaughterhouse were studied. Size, fertility, and infectivity were assessed. Moreover, 736 blood samples were collected randomly from health care centers and tested by ELISA. The findings were analyzed in terms of demographic information including age, sex, and occupation, history of contact with dogs and location of their general profile. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.

Results: Totally, 8 (1.1%) of patients, 5 (5.62%) men and 3 (5.37%) women were positive for anti-hydatid cyst antibody. There was no statistically significant relationship between positive cases and place of residence, education, sex and history of continuous contact with the dog. The prevalence of hydatid cyst was 8.7% in cattle and 18.8% in sheep, 4.5% in cows and 2.8% in goats. No significant difference was seen between the infection rates in sheep, cattle and goats (p <0.05). In terms of sex, 53.6% of infected animals were females and 46.4% males, which was statistically significant (p <0.05). In terms of organs, 84.04% of cysts were detected in sheep liver, 86.7% in cattle and 89.3% in goats.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the prevalence of human hydatid cyst is lower than in most areas of Iran, but its prevalence is relatively high in livestock in the region. These findings necessitate to pay attention to control programs to disrupt the parasite cycle between the definitive and intermediate hosts.

 
 

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Background & aim: Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss, which belongs to the Apiaceae family, is a biennial plant, stable, dull green or bluish in color, with a height of about 10-30 cm, which is branched and withot fluff in the lower part. This plant has been used in Iranian traditional medicine to relieve pain and relieve inflammation, and its antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and some dermatophytes have been reported. In the present study the In-Vitro scolicidal activity of essential oils of Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss on hydatid cyst protoscoleces was investigated.

Methods: In the present experimental study was conducted in 2021 on infected sheep cysts collected from Yasuj slaughterhouse. Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil were obtained and processed in the Medicinal Plants Research Center of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences laboratory. Moreover, the major compounds of plants' essential oils was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. At that point, the in-vitro protoscolicidal percentage of essential oil of Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss concentrations 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, and 0.625 mg/ml in durations of 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes was determined. The collected data analyzed using SPSS software version 21 through descriptive and analysis of variance with repeated measurement as inferential statistics with a 95% confidence level.

Results: The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry performed on Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil indicated that among the major compounds in the above-mentioned plant essential oil, the most compounds were Decanal, Dodecanal, α-pinene and (2E)-Dodecenal.. The results demonstrated that the highest effective concentration for Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil was 1.25 mg/ml, which caused 100% death of protoscoleces in 5 minutes (p< 0.05).

Conclusion: Ducrosia anethifolia DC. Boiss essential oil has a strong scolicidal effect and if the results of this study are confirmed in future in-vivo studies and its non-toxicity is ensured, it can be used as a protoscolexicidal substance.