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Background & aim: One of the most common causes of trunk deviations is a change in the curvature of the spine in the lumbar region. Physiotherapy is one of the most common treatments for hyperlordosis and low back pain. In the field of corrective exercises, the comparison of the findings of Williams and McKinsey's research is small and contradictory. The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the effects of two types of corrective exercise program on lumbar muscle strength in girls with hyperlordosis.
 
Methods: In the present quasi-experimental study conducted in 2019, 30 females with lumbar lordosis beyond normal degrees (Hyperlordotic) in lumbar curve were selected as the study sample and were randomly divided into Williams and McKenzie’s exercise groups. Training protocols were done for eight weeks, three times a week. The lumbar lordosis was measured using a flexible ruler, isometric strength of trunk and hip muscles were measured by using digital dynamometer and precieved pain was measured using Copeck Pain Questionnaire. Data was analyzed using independent and paired t-testes.
 
Results: The results indicated that both types of exercises lead to a significant increase in the strength of the lumbar, extensor and pelvic flexor muscles as well as the strength of the abdominal muscles. Exercises in both groups correspondingly significantly reduced the subjects' low back pain (p <0.001), nonetheless, no significant difference was observed between the results of the two types of exercises in any of the study variables (p> 0.05).
 
Conclusions: The results indicated that the administration of Williams and Mackenzie corrective movements can lead to a significant improvement in lumbar arch angle and isometric strength of trunk muscles; however, in terms of effectiveness, no significant difference was observed between the two training methods.
 
 
 

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Background & aim: Maternity events such as preterm birth, low birth weight and low Apgar score can affect postpartum life. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between pregnancy poisoning and cognitive development and symptoms of behavioral disorders in children.
 
Methods: The present descriptive correlation study was conducted in 2017. The statistical population included 1500 children born in 2007, 2006 and 2010 at Hafez hospital, Shiraz. The selected sample was 306 according to Morgan table, but due to the samples decrease, 300 children were included in the study. Our sample is limited to children with information about maternal preeclampsia. Cognitive development of these children was measured by a children's Raven color questionnaire with 41% validity and 62% reliability. Symptoms of behavioral disorders were also assessed by the Rutter Behavioral Disorders Questionnaire, a special form for parents with 97% validity and 92% reliability. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient test.
 
Results: A significant and positive relationship was observed between pregnancy poisoning and children's cognitive development. The correlation coefficient between the two is 0.187, which is significant at the level of p <0.01. Moreover, the correlation between pregnancy poisoning with aggression is equal to 0.317, with child anxiety is equal to 0.247, with maladaptation is equal to 0.240 and with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder is -0.212, all of which are significant at the level of p <0.01. It was indicated that there was an inverse and significant relationship between pregnancy poisoning with aggression, anxiety, maladaptation and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but the correlation between pregnancy poisoning and child antisocial behavior was 0.107 and no significant relationship was observed.
 
Conclusion: The results indicated that pregnancy poisoning affects cognitive development and symptoms of behavioral disorders in children. On the other hand, more hospitalization of these infants in the intensive care unit can lead to behavioral disorders in the child in the future.
 
 

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Background & aim: Intense sports activity, by creating oxidative stress, plays a role in causing some muscle damage and the spread of inflammation after the activity. On the other hand, it has been stated that oxidative stress tolerance can be done by stress proteins such as hemoxygenase. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and investigate the effect of intense endurance training on hemoxygenase-1 and TNF-α enzyme levels in the stomach and intestinal tissues of male Wistar rats.

Methods: In the present experimental study conducted in 2017, 16 male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups (control and intense endurance training) after 10 familiarization sessions and weight lifting (mean and the standard deviation of the control group was 203.125 ± 8.18 and intense endurance training was 211.25 ± 7.9). The intense endurance training protocol included running on a treadmill for 8 weeks (5 sessions per week), water and standard food were freely provided to the samples. 48 hours after the last training session and 4-hour fasting, the mice were dissected and tissue samples were collected, and hemoxygenase-1 enzyme concentration and TNF-α level were measured using an ELISA kit. Collected data were analyzed using independent t-test.

Results: The results indicated that intense endurance training had no significant effect on the level of hemoxygenase enzyme in the stomach tissue of rats (p=0.88). Moreover, the amount of hemoxygenase-1 enzyme in the intestinal tissue of mice did not change significantly (p=0.79). The amount of TNF-α in the stomach tissue of mice was not meaningfully different between the two groups (p=0.48). The amount of TNF-α in the intestinal tissue of the two groups was not significantly different (p=0.12).

Conclusion: Due to the non-change of TNF-α level, probably regular endurance sports training made the stomach and intestinal tissues safe from the destructive effects of intense endurance training by creating a beneficial adaptation in the antioxidant system. On the other hand, there is a possibility that the lack of significant changes in the inflammatory index in the present study could be related to the intensity of the exercise used. Correspondingly, if the intensity of sports activity is suitable for changes in inflammatory index levels, the lack of proper exercise by the samples of the present study was probably a factor in the absence of significant changes.

 

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Background & aim: Divorce brings emotional separation and psychological pressures for most women, which requires the most changes for re-adaptation in these people. Therefore, the purpose of the present research was to determine and develop a structural model of adjustment after divorce based on social and psychological factors in divorced women in Shiraz.

Methods: The present descriptive correlational study was conducted in Shiraz city in 2018. The statistical population of the study included all divorced women who were divorced for at least two years and were not remarried. 416 samples were selected through available sampling from fifteen psychological clinics under the supervision of welfare and family courts. Moreover, they were evaluated through Fisher's post-divorce adjustment questionnaires, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, Bell's Social Adjustment Questionnaire, Adult Attachment Style Questionnaire, Neo Short Form Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire, and Emotion Cognitive Regulation Strategies Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation, multiple regression and Fisher's statistical tests.

Results: The results indicated that the variables of perceived support, attachment styles and personality traits through the variables of cognitive regulation of emotion and social adjustment had a significant effect on adjustment after divorce (p<.05). Unreconciled emotion regulation had a negative and significant effect on post-divorce adjustment (p<.05). The adjusted emotion regulation variable had a positive and significant effect on post-divorce adjustment directly and indirectly through social adjustment (p<.05). Finally, the social adjustment variable had a positive and significant effect on post-divorce adjustment (p<.05). Social adjustment was the strongest predictor of adjustment after divorce (0.63) than personality traits (0.59). Secure attachment style had the greatest effect on post-divorce adjustment through compromised emotion regulation (0.26). Furthermore, the personality trait of neuroticism had the greatest impact on post-divorce adjustment through compromised emotion regulation (0.52). Friends' support through social adjustment had the greatest effect on post-divorce adjustment (0.43). Planning strategy through social adjustment had the greatest impact on post-divorce adjustment (0.34). The mentioned variables explain a total of 65% of the variance of adjustment after divorce.

Conclusion: The structural model revealed that some social and psychological factors were able to predict adjustment after divorce, and the results of the present study can be studied and be useful for counseling clinics, psychology and other institutions that are responsible for the health of society.

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Background & aim: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in societies and accounts for one third of all cancers in women. Breast cancer is known as the second cause of death due to cancer in women. As a result, the purpose of the present study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer in Yasuj, Iran.
Methods: The present clinical study was conducted in 2021 using a pre-test-post-test with two experimental groups and a control group. Its statistical population included all women suffering from breast cancer referred to Shahid Jaliel Hospital of Yasuj, Iran. Available sampling method was used to select the women of the sample group. In the present research, the visual pain intensity scale (VAS), which is a one-axis scale, was used. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests of multivariate covariance, independent t, paired t, Levin, post hoc test, LSD post hoc test, and Shapirowilk.

Results: The results regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion with treatment based on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer in Yasuj indicated that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test of pain intensity among women with breast cancer. 0/05). Therefore, it can be said that there was a significant difference between the two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on the pain intensity of women with breast cancer (p>0.05). The post hoc test, with a significance level of 0.001 and a mean difference of 1.80, indicated a significant difference between the effectiveness of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on pain intensity.
Conclusion: Breast cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors and is the main cause of cancer death in women. Therefore, early diagnosis and foreknowledge have become necessary to increase survival and reduce mortality in the long term. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, counseling centers can improve the psychological state of cancer patients by two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion. Use with commitment and acceptance therapy.
 

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Background & aim: Marital violence is a social and psychological problem which has profound and negative effects on individuals' mental and physical health and can lead to a desire for separation and divorce, and consequently negative consequences for couples and children. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on marital violence and the desire for separation in couples seeking divorce.

Methods: The present study applied a quasi-experimental, semi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test structure, including a control group. The statistical sample consisted of 40 individuals selected from all couples seeking divorce in Yasuj, Iran, who were referred to family counseling centers in the first three months of 2023. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of 20, comprising the ACT-based couples therapy group (10 couples) and the control group (10 couples), which did not receive any treatment. Before and after the therapeutic interventions, participants responded to the Zarei Divorce Desire Scale and the Couple Abuse Questionnaire developed by Ghahari and colleagues. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests, specifically Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).

Results: Results from the MANCOVA indicated that ACT-based couples therapy positively impacted the reduction of marital violence and its dimensions, including physical and emotional violence, in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, it did not have a significant effect on reducing sexual violence. The effect size for the reduction of marital violence was 0.281, with a greater impact observed on physical violence. Additionally, ACT-based couples therapy positively influenced the reduction of the desire for separation and its dimensions (desire to exit the relationship and desire for reconciliation) in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05), and its effect was (0.773).

Conclusion: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) can effectively reduce marital violence and the desire for separation among couples by focusing on the acceptance of negative emotions and thoughts and enhancing commitment to shared values and goals. This approach provides couples with tools to address their emotional challenges in a healthier manner and improve their relationships.

 

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Background and purpose: The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of compassion hypnotherapy and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on depression symptoms in patients with breast cancer in Yasouj city. Hypnotherapy is an efficient and effective way to treat various psychological diseases and disorders. On the other hand, breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in societies, which is known as the second cause of cancer-related deaths in women.
Research method: In this research, the research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with two experimental groups and a control group. Its statistical population included all women with breast cancer referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Yasuj city in 1401-1402. Available sampling method was used to select the women of the sample group. Beck's depression scale (1996) was used in this research. The information obtained by SPSS-26 software was analyzed at two descriptive and inferential levels. At the descriptive level, frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation were calculated, and at the level of inferential statistics, the statistical method of analysis of covariance (Ancova) and Benferroni test were used.
Findings: The results comparing the effectiveness of two methods of compassion hypnotherapy with commitment and acceptance therapy on depression symptoms in breast cancer patients showed that both methods had a significant difference compared to the control group, but there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test of depression symptoms. Among women with breast cancer, there is no treatment in two groups. Therefore, it can be said that there is no significant difference between the two methods of hypnotherapy based on compassion and treatment based on commitment and acceptance on depression symptoms of women with breast cancer. (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Breast cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors and is the main cause of cancer death in women. Therefore, early diagnosis and foreknowledge has become necessary to increase survival and reduce mortality among patients. Therefore, according to the results of this research, counseling centers can improve the mental status of cancer patients by using two methods of hypnotherapy based on Use compassion with commitment and acceptance therapy.
Keywords: hypnotherapy based on compassion, breast cancer depression, Yasouj city.