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Introduction & Objective: Magnesium is an essential metal in carbohydrate metabolism that causes activation and release of insulin. Increasing of blood sugar in diabetic patients resulted in decreasing of magnesium in the serum and its low concentration in urine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral administration of magnesium on glucose concentration and formalin test in diabetic rats. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was done from April 2007 till July 2008 in medical school of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. In this study 80 NMRI rats (Razi Co. Iran) categorized in ten groups control, diabetic without treatment of magnesium, diabetic with treatment of magnesium in one (1), two (2), three (3) and four (4) week(s). The other 4 normal groups were treated with magnesium in same timescales. In the diabetic groups, diabetes was induced with i.p. injection of 60mg/kg of streptozotocin. Besides of weight measurements, glucose concentration of animals was measured with enzymaticcolorimetric method. Pain scores were measured in formalin test. Statistical analysis was carried out by ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The results showed that the difference in animal weight and glucose concentrations between control and diabetic groups was significant (P<0.0001). Glucose concentrations of magnesium treated diabetic groups were significantly different between 1 and 2 (P<0.005) 1 and 3 or 4 groups (P<0.0001) 2 and 3 (P<0.001) and 2 and 4 (P<0.01). Statistical differences between control and magnesium treated diabetic groups were significant between control and 1 (P<0.0001) control and 2 (P<0.05). Considering the weight of rats, there was no significant difference between diabetic in one side and 1 and 2 groups in other side while differences between diabetic and the other 3 and 4 groups were significant (P<0.001 and P<0.0001, respectively). In this study results from flinching and licking responses have been evoked by formalin in biphasic model of formalin test. Conclusion: Magnesium consuming in diabetic rats resulted in time dependent increasing of animals weight and decreasing of glucose concentration. Results from formalin test show hyperalgesic effects in diabetic and diabetic treated with magnesium groups in comparison with control groups.

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Introduction & Objective: The function and transparency of the lens actually diminishes with aging as a result, external intervention is necessary to amend it. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of vitreous humor on the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to lens fiber like cells. Materials & Methods: The present experimental study was conducted at Tarbiat Moallem University in 2010. Bone marrow was collected from tibias in NMRI mice and then cultured. Immuno-cytochemistery was done to confirm the mesenchymal stem cells using Oct4 antibody. Subsequently, MSCs were treated with bovine vitreous body for 7 and 21 days. The morphology of the MSCs to the lens fibers were studied using Phase Contrast Microscope. Results: During the primary culture, the cell population was heterogeneous and in the subsequent passages, the number of the spindle-shaped cells increased. Immuno-cytochemistery study confirmed the MSCs. Morphological studies showed that most cells in the experimental group were locally longer and more aligned in parallel compared to control group cells. Moreover, lens fiber like with large nuclei and multiple nucleoli was observed. Furthermore, the concentration of 25% of vitreous body had more induction effect on MSCs in comparison with the 50% concentration. Conclusion: The MSCs derived from mouse bone marrow could differentiate into lens fiber like cells by treating them with vitreous humor.

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Abstract                
Background & aim: Caring is a science that encompasses human beings, reflecting experiences and phenomena in caring including: art and humanity. Humanity in the interpersonal interactions of the heart and the spirit of care and is an opportunity care for humanity to emerge and grow.  The purpose of this study was to determine the human care needs of burn victims.
 
Methods: This is a qualitative study in which purposeful sampling with maximum diversity was used. Data were collected through 18 unstructured in-depth interviews with second-degree burn patients admitted to Taleghani burn hospital in Ahvaz using purposive sampling method. In the research they answered. The collected data were analyzed using conventional content analysis approach by Elo and Kingas method.
 
Results: From the interviews, 564 initial codes were obtained. These codes were subdivided into 10 subcategories, four main categories and one theme in the analysis process. The main categories included the need for appropriate communication, accountability in care, care in new ways, observance of sexuality in care, and the theme of human care.
 
Conclusion:Using extracted classes, it can be said that patients, as a human being, have the right to receive care in their own blood, and measures should be taken by the stakeholders to provide human care to those suffering from burns.