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The Effect of Geranium Leaf Essential oil Pelargonium graveolens on the Expression of MMPs, IL-1β, NO, and PGE2 in Collagenase-induced Arthritis in Rabbits
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H Maghsoudi1   , F Jola2 , GH Bakhshi Khanegi2 |
1- Department of Biotechnology, Payam Noor University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, , hossein_m2002@yahoo.com
2- Department of Biology, Payam Noor University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. |
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Abstract: (525 Views) |
Abstract
Background & aim: Chronic diseases, including osteoarthritis, are often debilitating due to their progressive course and affect the quality of life of the elderly. Among herbal products, Geranium aromaticum can be considered as a potential natural medicine due to the antioxidant properties in its leaf essential oil. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of Geranium aromaticum leaf essential oil on cartilage protection in collagenase-induced osteoarthritis in New Zealand rabbits.
Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in 2020. Forty rabbits were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into eight groups. Therefore, after preparing the plant essential oil, the rabbits were kept for 1 month to adapt to the laboratory conditions. Collagenase was injected intra-articularly into the right knees of the rabbits. Thirty days after the development of collagenase-induced osteoarthritis, the rabbits were orally administered distilled water (positive control), 50 and 100 mg/kg of geranium essential oil, and celecoxib (0.3 ml of a 0.4% solution) once a day for 30 days. The collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, and dependent sample t-test.
Results: The results of the present study indicated that Geranium essential oil significantly reduced the stiffness and hardness of articular cartilage in affected rabbits (p<0.005). The expression of type II collagen, proteoglycan, and aggrecan was significantly increased in the knee joints of rabbits treated with the essential oil group (p<0.005). However, celecoxib had no effect on cartilage protection. The expression levels of aggreginase-1 and aggreginase-2, metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 13 were dose-dependently decreased in the essential oil-treated group (p<0.005). In contrast, the level of tissue inhibitory metalloproteinase was dose-dependently increased. Proinflammatory cytokines involved in cartilage destruction, such as interleukin-1-beta (p<0.005), inflammatory mediators including prostaglandins (p<0.005), and neurite oxide (p<0.005), were also inhibited in the essential oil-treated group.
Conclusion: These results indicated that the effect of Geranium aromaticum leaf essential oil has significant therapeutic effects on the protection of affected cartilage, compared to Celebrex, through the reduction of the expression of inflammatory mediators and aggrecanases and metalloproteinases. Therefore, considering its favorable effect in reducing inflammation and repairing cartilage, it was proposed as an excellent drug candidate for further development as an alternative treatment for osteoarthritis
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| Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Geranium, Celecoxib, Proteoglycan, Aggrecan |
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Full-Text [PDF 950 kb]
(21 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Biochemistry
Received: 2025/01/25 | Accepted: 2025/08/25 | Published: 2025/08/26
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