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Introduction & Objective: Preeclampsia is a disease with worldwide importance to mothers and infants, where it accounts for 20–80% of the strikingly increased maternal mortality. The lack of enzymes added to the homocysteine metabolism or the cofactors necessary for its metabolism (folate, B6 vitamin, B12 vitamin) cause hyperhomocysteinemia. Abnormal serum lipid profiles such as cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Recently high levels of B-HCG have been identified as a potential marker for developing preeclampsia. The purpose of this study was to identify the possible association of homocysteine, vitamin and some serum factors levels with preeclampsia in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A case control study was performed prospectively on normotensive healthy pregnant women (80) and pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia (80) referring to Imam Sadjad hospital in Yasuj, between September 2004 to August 2005. In addition to the obstetric evaluation and laboratory examination in the 3rd trimester of gestation, blood samples were taken from all cases for homocysteine and vitamin B12, folic acid, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, B-HCG analysis. The samples were evaluated by Immunoassay (ELISA). Univariant and logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of outcomes. Results: The mean plasma level of total homocysteine was significantly higher in preeclamptic women compared with normal pregnancy(p<0/05). No significant differences were observed in B12 concentrations and plasma folic acid (P>0.05). Triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic women compared with normal pregnant women(p<0/05). LDL and HDL levels were not correlated with preeclampsia. There was no significant association between preeclampsia and B-HCG levels. Conclusion: Homocysteine, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations increase in preeclampsia but decrease of vitamin B12 and folic acid levels was not observed in preeclampsia. LDL, HDL and B-HCG levels were not different between preeclamptic women and women with normal pregnancy.

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& Objective: The elevated plasma homocysteine (HCY) has emerged as a novel cardiovascular biomarker. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a 12 week aerobic training on body composition and levels of serum homocysteine in women aged 60-75. . Materials & Methods: The present clinical trial study was conducted at Imam Khomeyni Cultural Center of Isfahan, Iran, in 2010. After medical examination, 30 elderly women with similar age and weight were randomly divided into two groups: control and experimental. Weight, BMI, WHR and body fat percentage were measured using the body composition analyzer. Fasting blood samples were taken. Moreover, homocysteine levels were measured by ELISA. Afterwards, the experimental group executed an aerobic training on treadmill (walking) three times a week for three months. After three months, all variables in both groups were measured once more.The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS software. Paired t-test and analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that a significant decrease in weight, fat percentage, body mass index, waist hip ratio parameters and homocysteine levels in the experimental group was observed, before and after the 12 week exercise period (p≤0.05) . Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, regular and controlled aerobic endurance exercise programs of 12 weeks, with moderate-intensity of increased skeletal muscle capacity use of lipids, may play an important role in weight control in obese individuals and decrease their cardiovascular disease risk factors.

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ABSTRACT
 
Background and aim: Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications and multiple metabolic such as insulin resistance and hyperhomocysteinemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of regular aerobic exercise along with vitamin C consumption on the homocysteine levels and insulin resistance in obese girls.
 
Methods: In the present semi-experimental study, 28 obese girls aged 8 to 12 years and body mass index 95% were selected and randomly divided as follow: control, exercise training, vitamin C and exercise training+ vitamin C (combined) groups. Aerobic exercise was consisted of exercise movements at 50% to 70% maximal heart rate and 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Vitamin C and combined groups consumed 500mg vitamin C tablets every other day. Fasting blood samples were collected before and 48 hour after the last intervention. For statistical analysis, One Way Analysis Variance (ANOVA), post hoc Tukey and independent t-test were used.
 
Results: Eight weeks of aerobic exercise, vitamin C and the combined intervention were resulted a significant decrease in the levels of glucose, insulin, homocysteine and insulin resistance in obese girls (P<0.05). Furthermore each of three interventions was associated with a significant percent changes in these veraibles compared with control group. But the effect of combined intervention on the decrease in these variables were greater compared with other interventions (p<0.05).
 
Conclusion: These findings suggested that both of aerobic exercise and vitamin C consumption non-drug can cause down regulation of homocysteine and insulin resistance levels in obese girls. Thus, the combined effect of regular aerobic exercise and vitamin C intervention is associated with the augmentation of these effects.