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Background & aim: Alopecia Areata is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects the hair roots. Different drugs and methods are used to treat this disease, nevertheless there is still no cure. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effect of topical Minoxidil 2% solution in the treatment of alopecia areata on the scalp with rosemary solution. Methods: The present clinical-trial study was conducted on 78 patients with Alopecia Areata. Block randomization was designed in two groups of four Minoxidil 2% (n=39) and Rosemary (n=39). During the initial evaluation, patients were assessed in terms of location, number and extent of lesions by a dermatologist, and then the data were recorded. Patients in the intervention group were administered rosemary, as well as those in the control group were given Minoxidil 2%. The patients were instructed to apply the medication to the lesion twice a day. The lesion was re-evaluated two months later. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 as well as T-test and Chi-square test and descriptive statistics. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of mean age, mean duration of disease, and alopecia conflict in the patients of two groups (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in cure rates between the two groups (05/0 p>0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that both Rosemary and Minoxidil had the same effects on alopecia areata. Due to the fact that the treatment of alopecia areata by rosemary plant is effective and affordable, it can be recommended.

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Background & aim: Alopecia Areata is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects the hair roots. Different drugs and methods are used to treat this disease, nevertheless there is still no cure. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effect of topical Minoxidil 2% solution in the treatment of alopecia areata on the scalp with rosemary solution. Methods: The present clinical-trial study was conducted on 78 patients with Alopecia Areata. Block randomization was designed in two groups of four Minoxidil 2% (n=39) and Rosemary (n=39). During the initial evaluation, patients were assessed in terms of location, number and extent of lesions by a dermatologist, and then the data were recorded. Patients in the intervention group were administered rosemary, as well as those in the control group were given Minoxidil 2%. The patients were instructed to apply the medication to the lesion twice a day. The lesion was re-evaluated two months later. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18 as well as T-test and Chi-square test and descriptive statistics. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of mean age, mean duration of disease, and alopecia conflict in the patients of two groups (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in cure rates between the two groups (05/0 p>0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that both Rosemary and Minoxidil had the same effects on alopecia areata. Due to the fact that the treatment of alopecia areata by rosemary plant is effective and affordable, it can be recommended.

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Introduction Herpes simplex virus type I belongs to herpesviridae. Several studies are ongoing for achieve a drug with good effectiveness and lower side effects, because the incidence of infections caused by this virus is increasing and there is some HSV resistance in the world. In this study, anti-viral effects of rosemary extract against of HSV was evaluated in cell culture. Material and methods: At first the rosemary extract toxicity on Hela cells with trypan blue and MTT methods has been examined and the maximum range of non-toxic concentration on cells has been achieved. At next stages of study direct effect of this concentration of extract examined and after that different concentration of extract in different periods of virus replication have been evaluated. Virus titer with TCID50 method has been measured. Results: Results show, 0.6 mg/ml concentration of rosmary extract is non-toxic on Hela cells and has the maximum effect to prevent HSV-1 replication. The maximum effect of extract has been showed is on immediately after virus adsorption and 1hour after cells infection. In this condition virus titer has decreased compared to other times of virus replication. Conclusion: In accordance with results of this study, herbal basic materials perform their anti-virus effect through interfere with alpha and beta genes expression.

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Background & aim: Milk is a dairy product which is susceptible to contamination by pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. One way to control the growth of pathogenic bacteria is to use preservatives and antimicrobial compounds. Due to the general concerns about the side effects of chemical preservatives, there is a tendency to consume products that use natural preservatives. Natural products provide unlimited opportunities for novel and suitable additives. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of hydro-ethanolic extract of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) against some gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria innocua) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and the next stage was to investigate the impact of hydro-ethanolic extract of this plant at 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75% (w/w) concentrations on the shelf life of pasteurized milk.

Methods: The present experimental study was conducted in 2022 at Nahavand Higher Education Complex. The total phenolic content of the extract was measured by Folin-ciocalteau method. Antioxidant activity of different concentration of extract were assessed by diphenyl picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity and compared with synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA). Antibacterial effects of resemary on pathogenic bacteria was determined by well diffusion agar, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. Experimental data were analyzed using ANOVA by the SPSS version 20 software and mean comparison were done using Duncan's multiple range test.

Results: The phenolic content of hydro-ethanolic extract weas 96.47±0.35 mg galic acid/g extract. Hydro-ethanolic extract of rosemary had the greatest effect on Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC of rosemary ethanolic extract ranged from 12.5 to 50 mg/ml, depending on the type of bacteria (gram positive or gram negative). Also, the treatments of pasteurized milk with 0.5%, acceptable sensory properties had a significantly lower total microbial count and longer shelf life compared to the control sample.

Conclusion: Therefore, considering that the hydro-ethanolic extract of rosemary had a significant effect on preventing the growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms, as a result, this extract can be used as a natural antibiotic in milk.