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the developed countries has been identified by the screening questionnaires and standard clinical interviews at a high level, but the epidemiological studies of psychiatric disorders in our country are brief and their numbers are few. Planning for providing essential mental health services to the people requires us to be knowledgeable about the present status of psychiatric disorders in the society. The objective of this research was to carry out the epidemiological study of the psychiatric disorders in the individuals 18 years and above in urban and rural areas of Kohgilouieh & BoyerAhmad province. Materials&Methods: 337 individuals selected through randomized clustered and systematic sampling methods from among the existing families of Kohgilouieh & BoyerAhmad province and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) questionnaires completed by the clinical psychologist. The diagnosis of the disorders was based on DSM-IV classification criteria. Results: The results of the study showed that the prevalence of psychiatric disorder

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Background & aim: Psychiatric disorder is a disease in which patients suffer from emotional problems that these are visible in all aspect of patient’s life. So, the aim of this study was investigated the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among patients referred to Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah, 2015-16.

 

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The study population consisted of patients admitted to Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah who were admitted between March 1, 2015 and March 2015. Since the prevalence of mental illness in Kermanshah is 23.5%, with d equal to 0.05 and confidence coefficient 0.95, the sample size in this study was estimated to be 275 people. Random sampling, 275 (approximately 10% of each disorder) were selected and evaluated. The information required for each patient was recorded in a pre-prepared checklist for each patient. The distribution of each patient's epidemiological characteristics was determined according to the type of psychiatric disorders. Inclusion criteria included informed consent, patient referral in the mentioned time period and completeness of their medical records in terms of the variables studied, and exclusion criteria included lack of consent, incomplete archival records of patients referring to this time period. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test.

 

Results: The mean age of patients was 39.39 13 13.24 years. 98 patients (35.6%) were female and 177 (64.4%) were male. Of these, 116 (42.2%) were married and 130 (47.3%) were married. Were single and 29 (10.5%) divorced. The results showed that schizophrenia had the highest prevalence (25.8%) and delirium (1.5%) and dementia (1.8%) respectively. Also bipolar disorder was 19.3% and depression 11.3% were other common disorders. Personality disorders and schizoaffective disorders were identified as 8.4% and 7.3%, respectively, schizoaffective and Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (6.9%), respectively. Substance abuse, 4.7%, obsessive-compulsive personality, 4%, and mental retardation were 2.2%.

 

Conclusion: Given the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, it is recommended that public awareness be improved to better understand these disorders with the help of mass media, counseling centers, and medical sciences universities. The results of this study can also help mental health planners to design interventions related to prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of disorders. Correspondingly, by raising the level of community awareness and genetic counseling, mental retardation disorder can be largely prevented.

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Background & aim: Infection with Strongyloides stercoralis is endemic worldwide and its prevalence is higher in warm and humid regions and poor countries. The frequency of infection is higher in people with immunodeficiency and in collective centers, including centers for patients with psychiatric disorders and prisoners, where hygiene principles are not fully observed, and dangerous parasitic infections such as Strongyloides stercoralis have been frequently reported. As a result, the present study aimed to determine and investigate the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis and other intestinal parasites in patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized in Sina Hospital in Hamadan.

Methods: The present descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021. The study population were patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized at Sina Hospital in Hamadan, Iran. The method of searching for Strongyloides stercoralis and other intestinal parasites in feces included direct vision, formalin ether sedimentation method, and modified agar plate culture. The collected data were analyzed using the chi-square statistical test.

Results: The results obtained from the present study on the feces of 370 patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized at Sina Hospital in Hamadan did not indicate any contamination with Strongyloides stercoralis. Infection with other parasitic agents included the protozoan cysts Blastocystis hominis (9 people) 2.43%, Giardia lamblia (6 people) 1.62%, Entamoeba coli (2 people) 0.54%, and Iodamoeba buetschlii (1 person) 1%. The chi-square test with p<0.05 indicated a higher frequency of intestinal parasites in men of the target population.

Conclusion: Apart from the lack of suitable environmental and climatic conditions for establishing a free-living cycle of Strongyloides stercoralis in Hamadan province, other reasons such as the increase in public health following the coronavirus pandemic and the possible antiparasitic effects of antidepressant drugs can be effective in controlling and eliminating Strongyloides stercoralis in the target population. The reduction in Giardia infection in the present study to 62.1% (compared to previous similar studies) was promising for improving water supply, sewage, and public health systems.

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Background & aim: Mental health is one of the most important and influential issues in the health system. In addition to the sufferings and limitations it creates, suffering from mental illness imposes a heavy economic burden and costs on the patient's family and the society. Threfore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the geographic distribution of mental disorders and some related environmental factors in Boyer Ahmad and Dana counties, using GIS software, in a 5-year period from 2018-2019.

Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, first, the residential address of 3215 patients with mental disorders who had a history of hospitalization in Shahid Rajaei Psychiatric Hospital of Yasuj, Iran, during the last 5 years were collected from hospital files and hospital archives. The relationship between climatic and environmental factors of the province, including average annual humidity, average annual rainfall, average annual temperature, after preparing and constructing the layers, were investigated and analyzed with Arcmap and Arc catalogue software from ArcGIS. Statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS 21 software and logistic regression method.

Results: Based on the multivariate logistic regression results, the most important environmental factors were temperature (p< 0.001), and altitude (P =0.006) Accordingly, by increasing temperature, and altitude the chance of disease occurrence decreased by 51 % (OR=0.49) and 1% (OR = 0.99), respectively. Moreover, univariate logistic regression indicated that humidity, slope (P < 0.001) and rainfall (P = 0.01) with the odds ratios of (OR=0.61), (OR=0.92), (OR=0.99), respectively, were associated with the decrease in the occurrence of mental disorders. Living in urban areas had a direct relationship with the occurrence of disease (P = 0.03), which increased the chance of mental disorders more than seven times (OR = 7.77).

Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, it is suggested that the increase in temperature, altitude, humidity, slope, and rainfall were related to the decrease in the incidence of mental disorders respectively, and that urban life was related to the increase in the incidence of mental disorders in studied areas. It is suggested that the health system officials and practitioners should use the results of the present study in determining risk areas for disease control, which will lead to a significant reduction in the costs of diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders.