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Abstract Background & aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine failure leading to anovulation. TNFα is an effective factor in the regulation of normal functioning of the ovaries. High levels of TNFα causes PCOS is further. In this study, the effects of bumble bee venom (HBV) on TNFα and other symptoms of ovarian PCOS were studied. Methods: In this experimental study, 60 female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control, sham and experimental groups. The experimental group was injected with estradiol valerate-induced PCOS direction. Induced rats (PCOS) were divided into two groups and treated with HBV. The treatment Group received 0.2mg of HBV for 10 consecutive days. Serum and ovarian tissue was collected from each of the four groups to compare the histological and changes in blood sugar levels. Results: A significant increase in ovarian PCOS weight was observed in the control group , whereas in the treated group with HBV rate fell (15.5 mg) Glucose levels in PCOS was 256.5, the control group138, and the treatment group 158. Thickness of the theca layer of antral follicles in the treated group compared with PCOS showed a significant decrease (110 μm and 150 μm respectively). Immunohistochemical results showed increased TNFα factor in PCOS group than in the control group, whereas these levels in samples treated with HBV Reduced. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the beneficial effects of HBV in PCOS may be due to the inhibitory effect on factor TNFα. Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Bumble bee venom, Tumor necrosis factor, Immunohistochemistry

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Background & aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder which effects 15.6 %  of women in Iran. Licorice (Glycyrrhizaglabra L.) has phytoestrogenic and anti-diabetic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydro-alcoholic Licorice root extract on blood sugar, triglycerides and cholesterol in the rats with PCOS.

Methods: In the present experimental study, 50 female puber Sprague dawley (180±20 gr) rats with regular sexual cycle were entered in the study.  Studied groups included: first, the Normal group, receiving carrier (normal saline) (2 ml/kg) daily orally for 21 days. Then, the letrozole group which received letrozole (1 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) for 21 days and then normal saline (2 ml/kg) daily orally for 30 days. The last groups, Treatment groups 1 and 2, which received letrozole (1 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) for 21 days then hydroalcoholic extract of Licorice root (200 and 400 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) daily, orally for 30 days respectively. To conclude, blood samples were collected from the heart and also the serum level of blood sugar, triglyceride and cholesterol was measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p< 0.05).

Results: The mean serum level of blood sugar increased in the Letrozole group compared to the normal group and decreased in the treatment groups compared to Letrozole group (p< 0.05). No statistically significant differences were seen in mean of serum level of triglyceride and cholesterol between all groups.

Conclusion: The licoricecan extract improved the adverse side-effects caused by diabetese in polycystic ovary syndrome However, its effect on dyslipidemia in patients requiring further investigations.

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Background and aim:  Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder that is associated with lipid disorders and obesity with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the association between lipid profile and fasting blood sugar levels and insulin resistance among women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Methods: The present case-control study was conducted on 153 women with PCOS and 449 healthy women as controls. Data was extracted from data center of Diabetes Research Center of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences including women from 4 cities of Khuzestan province (Ahwaz, Behbahan, Abadan, and Khorramshahr). Serum lipids, fasting blood sugar, and serum insulin levels along with Body Mass Index (BMI), Homeostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA IR), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), and Body Adiposity Index in two groups were analyzed by independent t-tests, chi-square and Fisher exact test.

Results:  The frequency of low HDL and high total cholesterol was higher in women with PCOS than control group (p =0.032, and p =0.001, respectively). No significant difference was seen between No two groups in the mean levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, HOMA IR, LAP, and PA (p >0.05). In women with BMI<25 and BMI between 25 and 30, the mean level of total cholesterol was higher in PCOS group than control group, whereas there was no significant difference in women with BMI>30. In women with BMI>30, the mean triglyceride and glucose levels was higher in PCOS group than control group (p=0.029, and p=0.010).

Conclusion:  In the present study, in obese women, triglyceride and fasting glucose levels were higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than healthy women. In non-obese women, however, the total cholesterol level was higher in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than healthy women.

 

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Abstract

 

Background and Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most important reproductive and endocrine disorders in women. Evening primrose oil is a phytosterogenic plants, and there are many reports about the effects of phytoestrogens on the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Regarding the side effects of existing drugs, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of evening primrose oil (EPO) on changes in sex hormones, serum glucose and insulin levels and insulin sensitivity in PCOS.

 

Methods: In this experimental study 30 female Sprague Dawley rats with regular sexual cycle were divided into five groups (n=6). Group 1: control. Group 2: (control treatment) received evening primrose oil gavage at dose of 1000mg/kg for 21 days. Group 3: PCOS induced by estradiol valerate. Group 4: After induction of PCOS received evening primrose oil gavage at dose of 1000mg/kg for 21 days. Group 5: After induction of PCOS received evening primrose oil gavage at dose of 2000mg/kg for 21 days. Finally, blood samples were collected from heart and then sex hormones, glucose and insulin concentrations were determined. The results were analyzed by SPSS software using one-way ANOVA and Duncan 's test.

 

Results: The FSH level increased significantly in the fourth and fifth groups compared to the third (p <0.05). Levels of LH and testosterone levels were significantly lower in the fourth and fifth groups than the third group (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of FSH and LH among the other groups. The serum levels of insulin and glucose in the fourth and fifth groups were significantly lower than the third group (p <0.05). Also, insulin sensitivity was higher in the treatment groups than in the third group (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in insulin, glucose and insulin sensitivity among other groups.

 

Conclusions: By changing the concentration of FSH, LH and testosterone hormones in polycystic ovary syndrome, evening primrose oil, can reduce the complications of these hormonal changes. EPO also reduces insulin and serum glucose and increases insulin sensitivity in PCOS. With more complete studies, Evening primrose oil can be recommended as a good alternative to chemical drugs for the treatment of PCOS.

 

 

 

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Background & aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of women of reproductive ages. Some medicinal plants have chemical compounds that can prevent the occurrence or development of PCOS. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of hydroethanolic extract of palm meristem (HEPM) in female rats with polycystic ovary syndrome induced with estradiol valerate.

Methods: In the present experimental study conducted in 2022, 42 adult female Wistar rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=7): Control group: (injection of 0.25 ml of normal saline subcutaneously, 0.25 ml of normal saline gavaged, daily). Positive control group: (500 mg/kg HEPM gavaged, daily). Estradiol valerate group: (single subcutaneous injection of estradiol valerate, 2 mg/kg in a volume of 0.25 ml of olive oil). Sham group: (single subcutaneous injection 0.25 ml of olive oil). Treatment group 1 (Estradiol valerate 2 mg/kg in a volume of 0.25 ml of olive oil + HEPM 250 mg/kg gavaged, daily). Treatment group 2 (Estradiol valerate 2 mg/kg in a volume of 0.25 ml of olive oil + HEPM 500 mg/kg gavaged, daily). The experiments lasted for 50 days. After the end of the experiments, the animals were anesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride (50 mg/kg body weight) and then a blood sample of 5 ml was taken from the inferior vena cava and the ovaries were removed. Blood samples were separated after centrifugation and sent to the laboratory for biochemical and hormonal tests. Collected data were analyzed using Kolmogrof-Smironov statistical tests, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test.

Results: The results indicated that estradiol valerate caused PCOS in rats. The serum level of testosterone hormone in the rats of the estradiol valerate group increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.001). The serum level of estradiol and progesterone hormones in rats of the estradiol valerate group had a significant decrease compared to the control group (p<0.001). In treatment groups 1 and 2, there was a significant decrease in testosterone and a significant increase in the serum level of estradiol and progesterone (p<0.001). 

Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that hydroethanolic extract of palm meristem due to compounds such as Phytoestrogens, flavonoids and other antioxidant substances are able to protect the ovarian tissue against the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome against estradiol valerate.
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