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ABECTRACT Introduction & Objective: Acute urinary retention is an unusual symptom among women. This is a case report of acute urinary retention due to endometriosis in a postmenopausal woman. Case: The patient was a 49 – years old woman who had referred with dull abdominal pain and acute urinary retention for a few weeks. In physical examination, cervix was displaced anteriorly and superiorly and a large and tender mass was palpable above symphysis pubis. Ultrasonography and CT-Scan showed a huge thick-walled cystic structure almost 12×14 cm occupying central part of pelvic and lower abdominal cavity most likely arised from left ovary. The patient operated and TAH+BSO was done.The mass was reported endometriosis by pathologist. CA-125 level was normal. Conclusion: Endometriosis is not a disease of childbearing age and about 2-4% of cases occur in postmenopausal age. It is still unclear how endometric masses grow and become evident in postmenopausal women .

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Introduction & Objective: Urinary complications are a common disorder which affects the quality of life of women. The objective of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of Tibolone and classic hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the urinary complications of menopausal women. Materials and methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted at Tarbiat Modarres University in 2007-2008 on 100 menopausal women which were divided into two therapeutic groups. Women in the first group used 2.5 mg tibolone plus one tablet of Ca+D daily. Women in the second group used HRT classic (0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogen and 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate) plus one tablet of Ca+D daily, for six months. Before and after each treatment, frequency, urgency, nocturia, stress and urge urine incontinence was recorded. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS software using independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon test, and Fisher test. Results: The data showed that the two groups were matched in age, menarche and menopausal age, gravid, education level, occupation and socio-economic level (P>0.05). After six months, all of the urinary complications reduced after treatment in each group,but Wilcoxon test showed that only the reduction of nocturia was significant (P=0.007, P=0.03). Mann-Whitney test showed that all of these complications in the HRT group reduced more in the tibolone group, but this reduction statistically wasn’t significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Treatment by classic hormone replacement therapy reduces the urinary complications of menopausal women in comparison with Tibolone. Therefore care should be taken for considering of an appropriate medical approach in these cases.

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Introduction & Objective: Fractures due to osteoporosis after menopause in women is widespread. Osteoporosis may occur in case of inadequate lack of physical activity .The aim of this study was to determine the effect of running training on femur bone strength in ovariectomized rats. Materials & Methods Forty matured Sprague Dawley rats were chosen for this study. A group of 10 were killed randomly to measure their initial femur strength. The remaining rats had ovarian surgery. After three months, in order to reach menopause period, they were randomly divided into 3 groups, including pre test, running training and control groups. The running training program was carried out for one hour a day, five days a week, for eight weeks. Femur bone strength was measured by HOUNSFIELD system. Data was analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and dependent T- tests by the SPSS software. Results: Results of this study showed that ovariectomy leads to significant decrease of femur bone strength. On the other hand the eight weeks running training lead to significant increase of femur bone strength. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that life style is important factors in preventing of osteoporosis and running training program had an inhibitory or reversal effect on decrease of menopause-induced femur bone strength.

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Background & Aim: Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) as a phytoestrogen facilitates blood flow, influences nitric oxide systems, and has a relaxant effect on smooth muscle tissues. These processes are important to the sexual response in menopausal women. The aim of this study was to compare the sexual function of menopausal women before and after using Ginkgo biloba capsules. Methods: In this clinical trial without controlled group, 40 healthy volunteers aged 50 – 60 years of age, attending three health-care centers of TUMS enrolled in the study in 2010. The subjects received GBE at a dose of 120–240 daily for 30 days. Sexual function was measured using the Sabbatsberg Sexual Rating Scale (SSRS). Of the 40 subjects who enrolled in this study, 31 women followed and completed the study protocol. The data were analyzed using statistical tests such as Fisher's exact test and paired t test. Results: After 1 month of intervention, significant differences were found between the mean scores for sexual desire (p= 0.000), sexual activity (p=0.01), sexual satisfaction (p=0.01), sexual pleasure (p = 0.001), and orgasm (p=0.01) during the previous month. There was also a significant difference in sexual pleasure (P=0.001), orgasm (P=0.03), and the importance of sex compared to the results obtained in the previous years (p=0.007). Conclusion:In this study, we found that GBE had a positive effect on several aspects of sexual function thus, these findings support the positive effect of GBE on the sexual function of menopausal women.

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Background & aim: Menopause is accompanied with many problems such as coital discomfort, reduction of endometrial thickness and an increase in pH. Vitamin D is effective on proliferation and repair of epithelial tissue. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin D on vaginal atrophy among menopause women. Methods: In the present double-blind clinical trial study, forty-four women were randomly divieded into two groups. Treatment group received the vitamin D vaginal suppository, and the control group received placebo vaginal suppository in an 8 week period. Dyspareunia was assessed in first, 2, 4 and 8 weeks visit. The mean of Ph and maturation index of superficial cells were measured in the begnning of the study and at the end of the eighth week. The mann-whitney test was used for data analysis. Results: The mean of superficial cells and vaginal pH in the treatment group were (69.76±12.4) (1.42±.67) respectively while these figures were 54.66±18.38 and 2.9±0.73 for the control group.. The mean of sexual pain decreased considerably in the treatment group. Conclusion: Vitamin D is effective in maturation index and decreased pH and dyspareunia in menopause women.