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Abstract:
Background and aim: Leaves and flowers of Nasturtium officinalis L. contain flavonoid compounds. This plant has several characteristics, such as anticancer properties, blood suger insucer and blood lipids. In the present study, the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of grasses in liver toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in Wistar rats was investigated.
 
Methods: In this research, 32 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four equal groups of  control (received olive Oil), positive control (received olive Oil + CCl4), and four groups as treatment 1 and 2 received olive oil intraperitoneal administration and 250, 500mg/kg body weight hydroalcoholic extract Nastartium officinals respectively. Animals were treated orally by gavage daily for 32 days. At the end of experiment, serum levels of aspartate and alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase and total proteins were assessed. The Data was analyzed with using of one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's HSD tests using SPSS 21.
 
Results: The mean of ALT, AST, ALP reduced and total protein increased significantly in the in the fourth group compared to the second group (P<0.05). Histological investigation demonstrated that necrosis and inflammation of liver reduced following carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity.
 
Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of Nasturtium officinal's can protect liver cells against toxic oxidative damage caused by carbon tetrachloride.
 
 

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Background & aim: Liver disease is one of the major problems in human societies today. Effective drug treatment for these disorders is of interest to researchers and physicians worldwide due to their polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds, they have high antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine and investigate the hepatoprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Thymus vulgaris on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Methods: In this experimental study, 40 Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into five groups of eight. One group was treated as control and the other four groups were induced by hepatotoxic carbon tetrachloride. Of these four groups, one group received orally 400 mg / kg, 800 mg / kg / day of rat powder in the other three groups, respectively. 45 days after study in all groups, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes, as well as serum total protein, albumin, and bilirubin concentrations were measured using aqueous acid test and data were analyzed using ANOVA.

Results: Total protein, total albumin and bilirubin concentration in the negative control group were not significantly different from the positive control group (p> 0.05), but the liver enzyme activity was significantly different (p <0.05). Hepatic enzyme activity in group II and bilirubin in group III showed a better decrease.

Conclusion: The results of this study show that the extract of Thymus vulgaris has protective effects against carbon damages caused by carbon tetrachloride.

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Background & aim: Carotenoids have received much attention due to their conversion to vitamin A in the body, reducing the risk of destructive diseases, antioxidant activity, improving immune function and their application as edible colors.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study conducted in 2018, 24 male albino mice were included in the study and randomly divided into 3 groups of 8. The two groups received 32 mg/kg and 16 mg/kg carotenoids peritoneally. The control group received 0.5 ml of distilled water intraperitoneally, then blood sampling was performed and liver health in mice was assessed by measuring the GGT, ALP, SGOT and SGPT factors. The obtained results were analyzed using analysis of variance and Anova statistical tests in SPSS21 software.
Results: In this study, the amount of carotenoids isolated from the yeast of Rhodoturola glutenis was equal to 0.1 mg/L and the results of the related food industry with a purity of: 12.21 mg%, moisture content of 18 mg/L, ash. Total: 9.6 mg percent, volatiles: 9.8 mg percent, acid number 7.3 mg percent and pH: 5.5 was stated. The mean activity of SGOT, SGPT, ALP in the 32 and 16mg/kg injections was not significantly different with the control group. But the mean of GGT activity in the 32mg/kg treated group was significantly less than the 16mg/kg injection group.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Rhodotorula glutinis carotenoids was not significantly different in liver enzyme activity in treatment and control group. But, the GGT activity is an important marker of oxidative stress. The mean of GGT activity in the 32mg/kg injection group was significantly less than other group. On the other hand, gammaglutamyl transferase is one of the markers of oxidative stress. Due to the inverse activity of GGT and its antioxidant properties, the reason for the decrease in the activity of this enzyme in the injected group at a dose of 32 mg / kg carotenoid is probably the dose-dependent antioxidant effects of most carotenoids. So, it is recommended to use it as a supplement in the food industry.