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Showing 2 results for Filtration

M Ehteshami , A Takdastan , N Alavi , Na Jafarzadeh Haghighifard, M Ahmadi Moghdam , M Khazayi , Ab Salehi ,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (10-2011)
Abstract

Background & Aim: Re-use of wastewater is an appropriate approach for development of water resources and water supply strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of HRF in COD removal from secondary effluent of municipal wastewater in Yasouj. Methods: The pilot which was used in the present study was a horizontal roughing filter designed and prepared according to the Wegelin’s Design Criteria. The Samples were removed daily and instantaneous based on the predicted number of samples (28 samples at each filtration rate) from the input and output filter, and then tested in the laboratory by the D5000 device. The collected data was analyzed using ANOVA and paired t-test. Results: The results indicated that the average COD removal in the filtration rate of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 were 60, 51, and 38 percent respectively. Conclusion: The average output of the HRF for all three filtration rates was lower than the maximum EPA standard of Iran.
K Tavakol, Sh Reiahinegad, N Vahdaniati,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (4-2012)
Abstract

Background & Aim: Pain control, especially in the first 24 hours after cesarean section, could reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous bupivacaine injection around cesarean scar in pain relief after cesarean. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 102 pregnant women undergoing cesarean section. Samples were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. In intervention group, 10 ml of bupivacaine (Marcaine) 0.5% and in control group 10 ml of distilled water were used for subcutaneous injection around the scar. Pain assessment, using a visual pain scale (VAS), was measured at different hours after surgery. Moreover, the analgesic doses at 24 hours were recorded. Data were analyzed using chi-square and t-test. Results: The average pain score at different hours in the intervention group was 1.72, and in the control group was 3.85. The average consumption of diclofenac suppositories in the intervention group was 0.35 and in the control group was 1.5. The differences about average pain score and consumption of diclofenac in both groups were significant (P= 0.001). Conclusion: Subcutaneous injection of bupivacaine can be recommended in pregnant women who are undergoing cesarean section, for reducing the pain after cesarean.

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