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Introduction & Objective: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) reduces cardiovascular mortality and improves cardiovascular and mental status of cardiac patients. Evaluation of the effects of CR in different groups according to sex, age and cause of disease would help the CR program to be special and individual and reduces the cost of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of CR in patients referring to CR program with different reasons. Materials & Methods: We studied 310 cardiac patients including 150 CABG, 44 PTCA and 110 persons with any other cause like MI, angina, etc. without revascularization. All patients were subjected to a 24 sessions of CR including aerobic exercise, education & diet therapy. Exercise capacity, ejection fraction (EF), lipid profile and body mass index (BMI) were measured before & after the CR program. The data were analyzed using Chi-square, independent pair t-test and ANOVA. Results: Results of this study showed that lipid profile, exercise capacity, EF and BMI were improved after CR in all groups. Changes of the variables were the same in all groups and the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: All the male and female patients attending CR program equally benefited from CR. We concluded that patients under medical treatment could improve their cardiovascular status before revascularization and sometimes postpone the intensive procedures.

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ABSTRACT: Introduction & Objectives: It has been reported that diabetes mellitus results in alterations in plasma level of some essential trace elements like magnesium. Magnesium is suspected to have a role in pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive, cross–sectional study, the plasma level of magnesium was measured in 90 diabetic patients in diabetes clinic in Gorgan city, North of Iran. After filling in a form consisted of demographic variables, plasma level of magnesium was measured using spectrophotometer. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was also measured as a glycemic control index. Collected data were analyzed, using χ2, T-test & one-way ANOVA. Results: The mean concentration of magnesium was within normal range. Hypomagnesemia was seen in 43 cases (47.8%). Most of hypomagnesemic patients (69.8%) were 41-60 years old. Mean magnesium level revealed no significant difference between two sexes (p>0.05). In higher educated subjects mean plasma level of magnesium was lower compared with others (p>0.05). Conclusion: In respect to high rate of hypomagnesemia in our diabetic patients, we recommend that useful information about food resources of magnesium like vegetables, seafood, seeds and nuts be given to diabetic patients .

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Abstract Background & aim: Dysmenorrhea, menstrual cramps without physical pain is a common complaint in gynecology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on primary Dysmenorrhea in a period of 8 weeks. Materials & Methods: In the present clinical-trial study, 60 non-athlete girls with primary Dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into three groups: aerobic training, yoga and control groups. Based on the visual analog scale of pain intensity, pain duration and amount of analgesics administered was assessed before and after the period of primary Dysmenorrhea using a questionnaire. In this eight-week exercise program, the aerobic exercises group for 60 minutes in three weeks and yoga exercises group in three sessions per week for 60 minutes, the yoga breathing techniques, exercises, asana and relaxation techniques were performed. There was no intervention in the control group. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney (p<=0/05). Results: Both aerobic exercise and yoga significantly reduced pain intensity, duration of pain and reduction of drug compared to the control group (p=0/010). No significant differences between aerobic and yoga with the pain and duration of pain was found (p>0.05). There was a significant decrease in the analgesic consumption in the yoga group compared to the exercise group (p<0/05). Conclusion: Both aerobic and yoga are effective in the treatment of primary Dysmenorrhea, but yoga has a greater reduction property on drug dosage. Key words: primary dysmenorrhea, aerobic exercise, yoga exercise, female student

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Background & aim: Chemerin are novel adipokines that are secreted from adipose tissue and improved insulin sensitive. The purpose of this study was to examine the ffects of rhythmic aerobic exercise plus core stability training on serum chemerin levels and Insulin resistance, glucose levels and body composition of overweight women.
 
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 40 healthy women aged 25-45, waist circumference equal to and above 88 cm, body mass index of 3025 kg / m2 were selected and randomly divided into control (n = 16) and experimental (n = 19) groups. ). Five people were excluded from the study. The experimental group was trained 12 weeks (3 sessions per week per session). The exercise program included aerobic exercise (55% -80%), maximum heart rate, and trunk stability training. The pre-test and post-test stages were collected at 12-hour fasting time, blood samples were collected in the same conditions. The ELISA method was used to determine the fasting and low-level insulin levels. Insulin resistance was evaluated based on the evaluation of HOMA-IR model of homeostasis. To compare the pre-test and post-test changes, the dependent t-test was used and the inter-group variations of one-way ANOVA with a significant level (p≤0.05) were used.
 
Results: Chemerin plasma levels, body mass index, weight, body fat percentage and The ratio of waist circumference to hip In Overweight After 12 weeks Rhythmic aerobic exercise Along with Trunk stability exercises Showed a significant reduction )p≤0/05). But insulin resistance The fasting plasma glucose and Insulin levels between two groups Practice and Control was no significant difference (p>0/05).
 
Conclusion: Despite the fact that this kind of intervention can be an effective treatment to improve the level of low-fat adipokine and lower body waist circumference, however, a trickier exercise is required to significantly change insulin resistance and glucose levels In women with overweight.
 
 

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Background and Aim: Adiponectin is the most abundant peptide extracted from adipose tissue, which plays an important role in development of obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2241766 (+45T>G) with biochemical and anthropometric parameters in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver.
 
Methods: The present case-control study was performed on 80 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver and 80 healthy peoples as control (77 men and 83 women). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL levels and adiponectin levels were measured by standard methods using Pars Azmoon kit and ELISA kit respectively. Genotyping was also performed by PCR-RFLP method. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests.
 
Results: Frequency of TG genotype was higher in patients (52.4%) and frequency of TT genotype in healthy people (52.7%), but regression analysis showed that rs2241766 polymorphism genotypes did not play a role in fatty liver disease (p<0.05). The present study showed that none of the variables in the carriers of TT, TG, and GG genotypes was significantly different in the healthy group (p<0.05), however, in the patients, the level of cholesterol in the genotypes was significantly different (p=0.02).
 
Conclusion: The results indicated that although the frequency of GT genotype and G allele in non-alcoholic fatty liver were more common. No significant relationship was seen between rs2241766 polymorphism in adiponectin genemm, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and adiponectin levels.