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Showing 4 results for Afzali
Z Tabeshfar, K Holakouie Naieni, R Chaman, H Malekafzali, Mr Eshraghian , M Fararooei , Volume 16, Issue 3 (8-2011)
Abstract
Introduction & Objective: Unwanted pregnancies and its complications are one of the most important global problems related to mothers. The aim of the present study was to determine the factors affecting unwanted pregnancies in urban areas of the Kohgiloyeh and Boyer Ahmad province.
Materials & Methods: In this case – control study conducted at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2008 ,350 women were chosen as the case group, and 700 women as the control group. During the study, data collection forms were completed by each group. Subsequently, the collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 by using the logistic regression, univariate, and multivariate analysis.
Results: According to the results of univariate analysis, the variables husband’s education in primary school , age of the last child under one, uncertain prevention methods and receiving means of prevention from the private sector revealed that significant differences existed between the two groups (P Value<0/05). Finally, the multivariate analysis beetwen husband education variables, age of the last child , prevention methods, and receiving a contraceptive device, a significant correlation was observed with unwanted pregnancy(P Value<0/05).
Conclusion: Results of this study determined that three variables (contraceptive method, the place of obtaining means, and level of her husband education) are the most important variables which affect the chance of increasing of unwanted pregnancy in users of contraceptive methods.
O Fani Makk, N Afzali, A Omidi, A Shibak, Volume 18, Issue 3 (7-2013)
Abstract
Abstract
Background & aim: Aflatoxins are a large group of mycotoxins. The aim of the present study was the comparison of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production by Aspergillus flavus (IR 111) and Aspergillus parasiticus (NRRL 2999) under various conditions of temperature, light, and pH.
Methods: In this experimental study, twenty-four flasks were assigned for incubation of each of the fungi A. Flavus and parasiticus at 18, 24, 32 °C. Both flasks were maintained under conditions of light and darkness. The rate of (AFB1) produced by each groups, was measured by thin layer chromatography. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis (SPSS, version 16).
Results: The lowest yield of (AFB1) produced by A. Flavus and parasiticus belonged to 32 °C and pH 6.5, respectively. On the other hand, the highest yield of toxin was observed at 24 °C and pH 6. The lighting effects were considerable. According to the studies on the adverse effects of light and the fermentation process, aflatoxin production increased in dark conditions.
Conclusion: The results of study showed that A. Parasiticus (NRRL 2999) produced more aflatoxin than A. Flavus (IR 111).
Key words: Aflatoxin B1, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus
T Archin , E Afzalian, M Kargar, Y Ghasemi, Volume 18, Issue 10 (1-2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aim: β-lactamase enzymes producing bacteria ESBL have spread widely throughout the world. The production of enzymes induces bacterial resistance to a wide range of antibiotics which is leading to the limitation of infection control and correct treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate patterns of antibiotic susceptibility to antibiotics and the presence of β-lactamase genes SHV, TEM, CTX-M, in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical specimens of intensive care.
Methods: Susceptibility of isolated bacteria against 10 antibiotics was determined by agar disk diffusion method according to the CLSI guidelines. The strains (DDST) were examined for the presence of the spectrum β-lactamase enzymes. Using E-test, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antibiotic was determined to cefotaxime. Moreover, SHV, TEM, CTX-M genes were identified by, Multiplex PCR method, and some of them were sequenced.
Results: The antibiotic resistance against 10 antibiotics was determined. The highest percentage of isolates was resistant to ampicillin (100%) and sensitivity to imipenem was 1.66%). In this study, the majority of strains produced ESBL (60%). TEM gene in 34.38% and all three genes (TEM and SHV and CTX) at 33.13% of isolates were observed.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the K. pneumoniae producing ESBL in patients in ICU are common. Therefore, the use of procedures and policies for infection control in hospitals and especially ICU is necessary.
Key words: Klebsiella pneumoniae, ESBL, Multiplex PCR, antibiotic sensitivity
M Momen Heravi, R Razaghi , H Afzali , A Tahmourte, Volume 22, Issue 4 (10-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Background and aim: Blood culture is one of the methods of diagnosis of bacterial etiology of sepsis, but because of the low number of organisms in the blood or the use of antibiotics, separation of the organism causing sepsis is difficult in this way. This study was designed to determine the predictive factors for positive blood culture in sepsis patients.
Methods: The present historical cohort study was conducted on 320 patients with sepsis who were admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan from October 2013 to October 2014. By examining patients' records, demographic, clinical and laboratory information including age, sex, hospitalization, temperature, pressure drop, tachycardia, tachypnea, serum CRP (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell sedimentation rate) ESR) and treatment outcomes. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and t-test.
Results: The mean age of patients in the case group was 67.93 ± 12.12 years in the case group (case group) and 64.67 ± 13.87 in the negative control group (control group). Frequency of underlying disease, recent history of admission, hypotension and tachypnea in case group were more than control group. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that serum reactive protein level, red blood cell dysplasia and white blood cell count are related to the outcome of blood culture in patients with sepsis.
Conclusion: Regarding the relationship between positive blood culture and inflammatory markers, in patients with sepsis, the increased inflammatory markers can be indicative of bacteremia and accelerate the onset of antibiotics and more precision in conducting blood cultures to discover the organism of sepsis.
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