Objectives: To assess the surface roughness of acrylic resin specimens created with various impression materials and to evaluate Candida and bacterial growth on them.
Materials and Methods: Specimens: 69 acrylic specimens were prepared using Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), alginate, and additional silicone. Procedure: The impression materials were mixed, poured into wax molds, and the acrylic specimens were cured. Surface roughness was measured with a profilometer. The specimens were then incubated with two Candida species and four Streptococcus strains for 48 hours. Biofilm formation was evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test.
Results: Specimens made with alginate and ZOE showed higher surface roughness compared to those made with additional silicone. Biofilm formation was significantly higher on acrylic surfaces made from alginate and ZOE than on those made from additional silicone (P<0.001 and P<0.005, respectively). There was a notable difference in biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans among the specimens made with the three different impression materials (p < 0.022).
Conclusion: Acrylic resin specimens fabricated with ZOE and alginate impression materials exhibited greater surface roughness than those made with silicone-based materials. Additionally, lower Candida and bacterial adhesion were observed on specimens made with additional silicone.