[Home ] [Archive]   [ فارسی ]  
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
Articles archive::
For Authors::
For Reviewers::
Registration::
Contact us::
Site Facilities::
Indexing & Abstracting::
Publication Ethics::
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
Indexing & Abstracting
DOAJ
GOOGLE SCHOLAR
..
:: Volume 29, Issue 5 (10-2024) ::
__Armaghane Danesh__ 2024, 29(5): 754-778 Back to browse issues page
Validity and Reliability of the Physical Disability Stigma Questionnaire
V Dastyar 1, ME Riahi2 , A Erfani3 , M Sharepour2
1- Department of Social Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran , Vdastyar95@gmail.com
2- Department of Social Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran
3- Department of Sociology, Nipissing University, Canada
Abstract:   (746 Views)
Background & aim: Stigma refers to negative and destructive attitudes and beliefs that society has towards some social groups, such as mental patients, disabled people, or a certain race. In Iran, there is no comprehensive and accurate questionnaire about the stigma of physical disability from a sociological point of view. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the validity and reliability of the physical disability stigma questionnaire.

Methods: The present survey-cross-sectional study that was conducted among 620 people with physical disabilities living in Tehran and Yasuj cities using convenience sampling method. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, content, face, construct, convergent, discriminant, Cross-validated Communality and redundancy were used, and Cronbach's alpha, loop method, and composite reliability were used to evaluate reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS ans PLS analytical softwares.

Results: The results indicated that convergent validity was established at the level of variables (AVE > 0.50) and at the level of items (factor loadings > 0.40) which indicated the validity and accuracy of the investigated items to measure the related variables. According to factor loading values, in measuring social stigma, family stigma dimension (0.770); In the measurement of perceived stigma, the dimension of "feeling being seen differently (0.870)" and in the measurement of self-stigma, the dimension of "avoidance stigma (0.871)" had a greater impact than other dimensions. It was correspondingly displayed that divergent validity was established at the level of variables and items, and according to the Fornell-Larcker index, the square root of the extracted average variance of each factor was greater than the maximum correlation of that factor with other factors. The results of combined reliability indicated that the questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency reliability and the reliability of the measurement model was confirmed (CR > 0.70). Finally, the results of common cross-validity and redundancy revealed that the measurement model had good quality, appropriateness and predictive power (Q2 > 0.11).

Conclusion: According to the validity and reliability indicators of the measurement tool, it can be said that this questionnaire was appropriate in terms of content. The items were able to measure the desired variables. Moreover, the questionnaire had a worthy and satisfactory quality and can be a proper tool for measuring the physical disability stigma.

 
Keywords: Stigma, Reliability, Validity, Disability, Questionnaire.
Full-Text [PDF 1357 kb]   (101 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: General
Received: 2024/07/20 | Accepted: 2024/10/22 | Published: 2024/11/9
References
1. World health statistics. Monitoring health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals 2024. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/376869/9789240094703-eng.pdf?sequence=1##
2. Rahmani N, Kajbafvala M, Takian A, Shirazikhah M, Hamidi H, Ehsanzadeh SJ. A Comparative Study of Rehabilitation Policies in Selected Countries: A Narrative Review. Jrehab 2024; 25(1): 2-25. ## [DOI:10.32598/RJ.25.1.1282.3]
3. Mohamadi M, Mohtashami J, Arab Khangholi Z. Stigma towards patients with mental disorders 3 2023; 1(1): 61-72. ##
4. Masoudnia E, Mirzaei M, Chenaninasab H. Relationship between Illness Perception and Perceived Stigma in Patients with HIV Symptoms. J Jiroft Univ Med Sci 2016; 2(2): 1-9. ##
5. Ahmadnia S, Sherafat S, Taghikhan K, Tavakoli S. The experience of social stigma and the spoiled identity of mothers with autistic children. Journal of Social Problems of Iran 2017; 8(1): 103-17. ##
6. Tofighi Z, Aghaei A, gol parvar M. Comparing effectiveness of resilience and emotion regulation on perceived social stigma and mental endurance in the mothers of the children with cerebral paralysis (CP). Psychology of Exceptional Individuals 2018; 7(28): 71-93. ##
7. Gholami R, Naemi A. Effectiveness of reality therapy on the stigma of mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals 2017; 7(27): 209-36.##
8. Safiri Hasanabadi S, shahsavari MR. Affiliate stigma in first and second degree relatives of people with disabilities. Social Cognition 2021; 10(19): 197-210. ##
9. Chung Eva YH, Gigi L. Validation of two scales for measuring participation and perceived stigma in Chinese community-based rehabilitation programs. Chung and Lam Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2018; 16:105. ## [DOI:10.1186/s12955-018-0938-3] [PMID] []
10. Brohan E, Clement S, Rose D, Sartorius N, Slade M, Thornicroft G. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC). Psychiatry Res 2013; 30; 208(1):33-40. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.03.007] [PMID]
11. Ma HI, Hsieh CE. Questionnaires on stigmatizing attitudes among healthcare students in Taiwan: development and validation. BMC Medical Education 2020; 20(59): 1-9. ## [DOI:10.1186/s12909-020-1976-1] [PMID] []
12. Caqueo-Urízar A, Boyer L, Urzúa A, Williams DR. Self-stigma in patients with schizophrenia: a multicentric study from three Latin-America countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019; 54(8): 905-9. ## [DOI:10.1007/s00127-019-01671-4] [PMID]
13. Rohwerder B. Disability stigma in developing countries. K4D Helpdesk Report Brighton, UK: Institute of Development Studies 2018, 1-26.##
14. Trani JF, Moodley J, Anand P, Graham L, Maw MTT. Stigma of persons with disabilities in South Africa: Uncovering pathways from discrimination to depression and low self-esteem. Social Science & Medicine 2020; 265, 113449. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113449] [PMID] []
15. Pérez-Garín D, Recio P, Molero F. Consequences of perceived personal and group discrimination against people with hearing and visual impairments. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 27; 18(17):9064. ## [DOI:10.3390/ijerph18179064] [PMID] []
16. Noble H, Smith J. Issue of validity and reliability in quantitative research. Evid Based Nurs 2015; 18: 34-5.## [DOI:10.1136/eb-2015-102054] [PMID]
17. Ganji M. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, DSM-5-TR. Fifth edition text revision. Tehran: Savalan Publications; 2022; 223. ##
18. Darlington CK, Hutson SP. Understanding HIV-related stigma among women in the Southern United States: A literature review. AIDS and Behavior 2017; 21(1), 12-26. ## [DOI:10.1007/s10461-016-1504-9] [PMID]
19. Nyblade L, Srinivasan K, Mazur A, Raj T, Patil DS, Devadass D, et al. HIV Stigma Reduction for Health Facility Staff: Development of a Blended- Learning Intervention. Front Public Health 2018; 6(165): 1-13. ## [DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00165] [PMID] []
20. Pachankis JE, Hatzenbuehler ML, Wang K, Burton CL, Crawford FW, Phelan JC, et al. The burden of stigma on health and wellbeing: A taxonomy of concealment, course, disruptiveness, aesthetics, origin, and peril across 93 stigmas. Personality Social Psychology Bulletin 2018; 44(4): 451-74. ## [DOI:10.1177/0146167217741313] [PMID] []
21. Goffman E. Stigma: notes on the management of Spoiled identity. 5th ed. Translated by Masoud Kianpour, Tehran: Center Publications; 2021; 160-92. ##
22. Link BG, Phelan JC. Labeling and stigma. In: Scheid TL, Brown TN(editors). A handbook for the study of mental health: Social contexts, theories and systems. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2010; 20-46.##
23. Corrigan PW, Watson AC. The paradox of self-stigma and mental illness. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 2002; 9(1): 35-53.## [DOI:10.1093/clipsy.9.1.35]
24. Corrigan P, Watson A, Barr L. The self-stigma of mental illness: Implications for self-esteem and self-efficacy. Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology 2006; 25(9): 875-84.## [DOI:10.1521/jscp.2006.25.8.875]
25. Steward W, Herek GM, Ramakrishna J, Bharat S, Chandy S, and Wrubel J, et al. HIV-related stigma: adapting a theoretical framework for use in India. Social Science & Medicine 2008; 67(8): 1225-35.## [DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.05.032] [PMID] []
26. Pryor JB, Reeder GD. HIV-related stigma. In: Hall JC, Hall BJ, Cockerell CJ(editors). HIV/AIDS in the post-HAART era: Manifestations, treatment, and epidemiology 2011; 790-806.##
27. Corrigan PW, Markowitz FE, Watson AC. Structural levels of mental illness stigma and discrimination. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2004; 30(3): 481-91.## [DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007096] [PMID]
28. Herek GM, Steward W, Ramakrishna J, Bharat S, Chandy S, Wrubel J, et al. HIV-related stigma: adapting a theoretical framework for use in India. Social Science & Medicine 2008; 67(8): 1225-35.## [DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.05.032] [PMID] []
29. Grappone G. The seven types of stigma. NAMI Advocate 2017; 55-80. https://spokane.wsu.edu/studentaffairs/counseling-services/end-the-stigma/stigma-types/##
30. Goodwin J. The horror of stigma: Psychosis and mental health care environments in twenty-first-century horror film (Part I). Perspectives in Psychiatric Care 2014; 50(3): 201-9.## [DOI:10.1111/ppc.12045] [PMID]
31. Barnes JB. The three faces of stigma. reprinted from "recovery: stigma and inclusion". issue of Visions Journal 2017; 13(1): 28.
32. Yanos PT, Lucksted A, Drapalski AL. Intervention's targeting mental health self-stigma: a review and comparison. Psychiatr Rehabil J 2015; 38: 171. [DOI:10.1037/prj0000100] [PMID] []
33. Subu MA, Wati DF, Netrida N, Priscilla V, Dias JM, Slewa-Younan Sh, et al. Types of stigma experienced by patients with mental illness and mental health nurses in Indonesia: a qualitative content analysis. Int J Ment Health Syst 2021; 15(77): 1-12. ## [DOI:10.1186/s13033-021-00502-x] [PMID] []
34. Subu MA, Wati DF, Al-Yateem N, Netrida N, Priscilla V, Maria DJ, et al. Family stigma among family members of people with mental illness in Indonesia: A grounded theory approach. International Journal of Mental Health 2021; 52(2); 102-23. ## [DOI:10.1080/00207411.2021.1891363]
35. Pryor JB, Reeder GD, Monroe AE. The infection of bad company: Stigma by association. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2012; 102(2): 224-41. ## [DOI:10.1037/a0026270] [PMID]
36. Ahmedani BK. Mental health stigma: society, individuals, and the profession. J Soc Work Values Ethics 2011; 8: 1-4.##
37. Corrigan PW, Bink AB, Schmidt A, Jones N. Rüsch N. What is the impact of self-stigma? Loss of self-respect and the "why try" effect. Journal of Mental Health 2016; 25(1): 10-15.## [DOI:10.3109/09638237.2015.1021902] [PMID]
38. Gerlinger G, Hauser M, Hert M, Lacluyse K, Wampers M, Correll CU. Personal stigma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review of prevalence rates, correlates, impact and interventions. World Psychiatry 2013; 12(2): 155- 64.## [DOI:10.1002/wps.20040] [PMID] []
39. Haddad P, Haddad I. Mental health stigma. British Association for Psychopharmacology 2015; Available from: https://www.bap.org.uk/articles/mental-health-stigma/##
40. Green S, Davis C, Karshmer E, Marsh P, Straight B. Living stigma: the impact of labeling, stereotyping, separation, status loss, and discrimination in the lives of individuals with disabilities and their families. Sociological Inquiry 2005; 75(2), 197-215. ## [DOI:10.1111/j.1475-682X.2005.00119.x]
41. Molero F, Recio P, García-Ael C, Pérez-Garín D. Consequences of perceived personal and group discrimination against people with physical disabilities. Rehabilitation Psychology 2019; 64(2): 212-20. ## [DOI:10.1037/rep0000277] [PMID]
42. Trani JF, Ballard E, Pena JB. Stigma of persons with disabilities in Afghanistan: Examining the pathways from stereotyping to mental distress. Social Science & Medicine 2016; 153(15): 258-65. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.02.024] [PMID]
43. Boyd JE, Adler EP, Otilingam PG, Peters T. Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale: a multinational review. Compr Psychiatry 2014; 55(1): 221-31.## [DOI:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.06.005] [PMID]
44. Zhang L, Li W, Liu B, Xie W. Self-esteem as mediator and moderator of the relationship between stigma perception and social alienation of Chinese adults with disability. Disability and Health Journal 2014; 7 (7): 119-23.## [DOI:10.1016/j.dhjo.2013.07.004] [PMID]
45. Tanabe Y, Hayashi K, Ideno Y. The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness(ISMI) scale: validation of the Japanese version. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16: 116.## [DOI:10.1186/s12888-016-0825-6] [PMID] []
46. Brown RL, Ciciurkaite G. The "Own" and the "Wise" Revisited: Physical Disability, Stigma, and Mental Health among Couples. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 2021; 62(2): 170-82. ## [DOI:10.1177/0022146521998343] [PMID]
47. Trammell J. Development of the Postsecondary student survey of disability-related stigma (SSDRS). Richmond, VA: Virginia Commonwealth University 2006; 20-42. ##
48. Trammell J. Postsecondary Students and Disability Stigma: Development of the Postsecondary Student Survey of Disability-Related Stigma (PSSDS). Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability 2009; 22(2): 21-9. ##
49. Abdul-Chani MM, Moreno CP, Reeder JA, Zuckerman KE, Lindly OJ. Perceived community disability stigma in multicultural, low-income populations: Measure development and validation. Res Dev Disabil 2021; 115: 103997. ## [DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103997] [PMID] []
Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article
Your username or Email:

CAPTCHA



XML   Persian Abstract   Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Dastyar V, Riahi M, Erfani A, Sharepour M. Validity and Reliability of the Physical Disability Stigma Questionnaire. armaghanj 2024; 29 (5) :754-778
URL: http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir/article-1-3658-en.html


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 29, Issue 5 (10-2024) Back to browse issues page
ارمغان دانش Armaghane Danesh
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.05 seconds with 38 queries by YEKTAWEB 4679