1 1728-6506 Yasuj University Of Medical Sciences 822 Special Preparation and Physicochemical Evaluation of Diazepam Suppository in Infantile Febrile Seizures Tavakoli N Etemadyfar M Mostafavi SA Tabatabaian P 1 7 2004 9 2 1 12 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: Febrile seizures are the most common form of convulsions in childhood. Rectal diazepam in solution is very suitable for acute treatment of febrile convulsions. Furthermore, diazepam suppositories are used prophylactically. The aims of this study were to prepare a suitable and efficient formulation of diazepam suppository and to elucidate the influence of suppository base on dissolution rate using various techniques. Materials & Methods:Suppositories containing diazepam (5 mg) were manufactured with Witepsol H35, PEG300 plus PEG4000, PEG1000 plus PEG4000 and PEG1000 plus PEG6000, by the fusion method. Physical characteristics of suppositories such as weight variation, liquefaction time, mechanical strength, content uniformity and percent of drug released were studied and compared to a brand of diazepam suppository. Dissolution testing was done by three methods: the USP basket, paddle and dialysis cell. Results:The results showed that the release of drug from PEG1000+4000, PEG1000+6000 and Witepsol H35 is greater than PEG300+4000 and brand one. In dialysis cell method drug was released slower than the paddle and basket methods. Conclusions: It was recognized that a dissolution testing method would be useful in both formulation design and also in quality procedures relating to the products.
823 Special The Combined Effect of Polymyxin and Electromagnetic Fields on the Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus Mohabatkar H 1 7 2004 9 2 13 21 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: Mankind in his life is exposed to environmental factors produced by his scientific activities more and more. One of these factors is electromagnetic field (EMF). EMF exerts its lethal effect primarily by producing pores in the cytoplasm membrane. On the other hand, polymyxin causes disorganization of the cell membrane. The aim of this work was the study of the combined effect of EMF and polymyxin on the growth of pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus. Materials & Methods: . This experimental work was performed in Biotechnology Laboratory, Biology Department, College of Sciences, Shiraz University in 1382. In the present work, at first the effect of polymyxin on the growth of a Gram positive (B. cereus) and a Gram negative (P. aeruginosa) bacteria in 37OC was investigated by Bauer-Kirby method. B. cereus was resistant and P. aeruginosa was susceptible to polymyxin. Bacteria were cultured on lactose broth and M9 buffer and they were exposed to EMF . Next the suspensions of bacteria were swabbed over the surface of Hinton agar plates and paper disks containing antibiotic agent were placed onto the inoculated surface. Then, the combined effect of EMFs and polymyxin on the growth of these two bacteria was studies. SPSS software and variance analysis were applied to analyze the results. Results:The results showed that combined treatment of EMF of 12 G had no significant effect either on the resistance pattern of B. cereus or susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa. Although the combined treatment of EMF of 21 G and polymyxin had no significant effect on the susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa it affected the resistance pattern of B. cereus. Thus, by using this field from zero to two hours it had no effect on the resistance of B. cereus to polymyxin and by applying it for three hours or more, the intermediate response was observed. Conclusion: Probably, by using the EMF and some chemicals simultaneously, the undesired growth of bacteria (like biofilms) can be controlled. 824 Special Extent of Hyperbaric Spinal Anesthetic with Lidocaine 5% Influences the Duration of Spinal Block Payrovifar A Aidi M Kolahdozan KH Ansari M 1 7 2004 9 2 23 29 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective : Elimination of local anesthetic from subarachnoid space is probably depends on rate of local diffusional surface of anesthetic and its vascular absorption. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between the spread of hyperbaric spinal anesthesia and duration of spinal block. Materials & Methods: To determine the effects of hyperbaric local anesthetic extension on duration of spinal block we studied 40 ASA Class I, II patients whom were candidate for elective surgery (Inguinal hernia) . We randomly divided them into 2 equal groups . After performing spinal block with 2cc hyperbaric lidocaine 5% the first group was left in horizontal position and the second group in 30 torso elevated position. The patients was monitored for pulse oximetry, ECG and noninvasive BP. BP and HR were checked 5 minutes for 30 minutes and then every 15 minute until the end of study. Results: The decrease in MAP was significantly more obvious in horizontal group than 30 toros elevated group. Duration of block existing is less in horizontal group than 30 toros elevated group. Conclusion: Placing patients in 30 elevation of torso, after spinal injection, prolonged the duration of spinal block and lessen the hemodynamic changes of spinal anesthesia 825 Special Comparison of Systolic Blood Pressure Measurement by Pulse Oximetery and Auscultatory Method Farhadi N Khosravi A Zandi Ghashghaie KA 1 7 2004 9 2 31 39 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: There are many noninvasive methods to measure systolic blood pressure. A new noninvasive method by pulse oximetery has recently been reported. The purpose of this study was the comparison of systolic blood pressure measurement by pulse oximetery and with auscultatory method. Material & Methods: Systolic blood pressure measurement using pulse oximeter was compared with current auscultatory method. Thirty one healthy volunteers enrolled and were positioned in supine, prone and lithotomy for three 10 minutes periods. Blood pressure was measured at the end of each position by two methods. Results: There was a significant correlation between two method in all positions supine (r= 0.72), prone (r= 0.88) and lithotomy (r= 0.78). Conclusion: Pulse oximeter seems to be a useful non-invasive method of systolic blood pressure measurement. In order to increase the accuracy of this method, low speed of cuff inflation and deflation is strongly recommended. 826 Special Comparison of Efficacy of Nortryptiline with Fluoxetine in the Treatment of Major Depression in Depressed Patients Referred to Yasuj Psychiatry Clinic 1 7 2004 9 2 41 48 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: Depression is the most common mood disorder between psychiatric diseases. This research was performed on depressed patients referred to Yasuj psychiatry clinic to compare the efficacy of nortryptiline and fluoxetine in the treatment of major depression . Materials & Methods: Among patients that referred to Yasuj psychiatry clinic (since 1.11.81 till 15.5.82) 117 patient on the basis of interview, physical examination and Beck test, were recognized as depressed patient. The safety and efficacy of nortryptiline and fluoxetine were compared in a double-blind, randomized study in 117 patients with relatively moderate to sever depression. forty-nine nortryptiline and forty-eight fluoxetine patients completed 6 month of medication and we included them in the efficacy analysis. Results : At the end of 6 methods treatment, 85.4% of patients with fluoxetine and 81.6% of patients with nortryptiline were much improved. There was significance statistical difference between them (p < 0.05).The average of Beck test results for fluoxetine patients at the end of 6 months was 16.16 and for nortyitiline patients was 19.71. Fluoxetine was associated more frequently with nausea and vomiting (p<0.05), while nortryptiline was more frequently with malaise, hypersomnia, constipation and headache (p < 0.05). In this study ,there was no statistical significance difference between sex, age, and efficacy of nortryptiline and fluoxetine. Conclusion: Although the changes in depressive symptoms over 6 month treament were comparable between fluoxetine and nortryptiline, however fluoxetine is superior to nortryptiline. 827 Special Study on the Incidence of Gastrointestinal Side Effects of Celecoxib among Patients Attended the Polyclinic of National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) Medical & Health Organization in Shiraz Yazdani M Piltan F 1 7 2004 9 2 49 57 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective : Nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that inhibit both cyclooxygenase-1(cox-1) and cyclooxygenase – 2 (cox-2) are widely used to treat pain and inflammation. However, their use is limited by gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. So, selective cox-2 inhibitors, such as celecoxib have been developed. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of GI side effects with celecoxib among two groups of patients (first without and second with a history of GI disease) at the polyclinic of NIOC Medical and Health Orgnization in Shiraz. Materials & Methods: 145 patients who celecoxib were prescribed for, were subject of our cohort study . Data were collected by the questionnaires which contained the information such as age, sex, history of GI diseases, etc. Further information such as GI side effects was added to the questionnaires after treatment. A total of 114 patients consisted of 82 women and 32 men completed the study. The first group consisted of 52 patients and the second group of 62 patients. Results : 26% of patients reported GI adverse effects. 21% of patients in the first group and 31% of the second group had GI side effects. The incidence of GI adverse effects between two groups didn’t reach statistical significance. Conclusion : Since the use of celecoxib was associated with some GI adverse effects in more than one-forth of the patients, its dose, history or having a GI disease and concomitant use of other medicine which may cause GI disorders must be considered when prescribing celecoxib. 828 Special A Randomised Cohort Trial Comparing Amoxicillin and Erythromycin Effect on the Treatment of Asymptomatic Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in Pregnant Women Nadafi M Abdali KH Parsanejad ME rajaii fard AR Kaviani M 1 7 2004 9 2 59 65 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is one of the most common sexual infections among childbearing women. Proper treatment of this infection in pregnant women is an important public bealth issue. Our goal was to compare the efficacy of amoxicillin and erythromycin on treatment of asymptomatic acute and chronic chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnant women. Material & Methods: A randomized cohort trial of pregnant women with chlamydia trachomatis IgM and IgG positive serum receiving care at two inner city, university - based prenatal clinics were randomly assigned to receive either oral amoxicillin, 500 mg three times daily for 7 days (case grouP 1), erythromycin 400 mg four times for 7 days (case group2) or placebo 500mg three times for 7 days(control group). Participants referred for retesting 4 weeks after initiation of treatment and the patients were followed till delivery.Patients with positive folllow up blood tests were crossed over into the alternate treatment and retested at a later visit. Statitical analysis was performed by using McNemar ,exact Fisher tests and chi square analysis. Results: 333 pregnant women were enrolled in this study and 92 chlamydia infected women (27.62%) completed the protocol. There was no significant difference between delivery gestational age of the groups (39.05, 38.72, 38.6 week) showing that chlamydia infection was not associated with preterm labor. Acute chlamydia infection rates before and after treatment in both amoxicillin and erythromycin groups were significantly different.The rates of acute chlamydia infection reduced from 83.87% before treatment to 35.48% after treatment (p<0.001) in group treated by amoxicillin.This change was 64.51% before treatment vs 29.03 after treatment (p<0.001) in erythromycin group.Chronic chlamydia infection rates in erythromycin group was significantly reduced in compare amoxicillin group after treatment. Based on the results of this study, the rates of chronic chlamydia infection in erythromycin group reduced from 41.93% before treatment to 19.35% after treatment (p=0.01). The change in amoxicillin group was observed before treatment 19.35% vs 12.9% after treatment. In the amoxicillin group , 6 women (19.35%) were intolerant ,compared with 10 women (32.25%) in erythromycin group . Conclusion: Chlamydia infection was not associated with preterm labor. Two kinds of treatments used in this sudy had the similar effects on acute chlamydia infection but erythromycin was more effective than amoxicillin on chronic chlamydia infection .Women treated by amoxicillin had less gastrointestinal complications than those treated by erythromycin . 829 Special Effectiveness of Glutaraldehyde in Disinfecting of Endoscopes Naderinasab M Milani M Saberi Y Saidhedayati SA Malakoti R 1 7 2004 9 2 67 77 10 06 2015 10 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: One of the main approaches for control of infections and preventing of nosocomial infection is by using antiseptics and disinfectants. There are reports regarding transmission of infection through those endoscopes which have not been properly disinfected. This study aimed to find out the effect of glutaraldehyde on those bacteria which might be transmitted by endoscope. Materials & Methods: Samples were taken from the disinfectant in 14 days. The first days of sampling was considered as the activation day of the glutaraldehyde solution. Sampling was done on the cleaning machine every day after the end of each run for 14 days. The disinfectant have been circulated a total of 121 times in the washing machine which the endoscopes. Glutaraldehyde solution was tested for Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, E.coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Salmonella typhi and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in every day. Results: Results of this study show that after 20 min, the disinfectant had a proper complete effect on killing of the gram positive and negative bacteria. Effect of this disinfectant on Mycobacterium tuberculosis was somewhat different. At first we did not have any growth relating to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis but using the disinfectant 6 days its activation, the colonies started to grow in the culture media. We planned to study the number of times, which the disinfectant had cycled in the endoscopes washing machines. The results showed that after 74 times the disinfectant had lost its ability to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis (even before 14 days). Conclusion: Glutaraldehyde loses its effectiveness on killing of M. tuberculosis if used in several cycles in endoscope’s washing mashines. 830 Special Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Carpenters in Yasuj City Yazdanpanah p Ghafarian Shirazi HR Gabar Nejad A 1 7 2004 9 2 79 86 13 06 2015 13 06 2015 ABSTRACT Introduction & Objective: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) , is a common disease with multi-factorial etiology, and is a common cumulative trauma disorders. There are various causes for CTS, including high force, jobs of high repetition, prolonged posturing and vibration. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in carpenters of Yasuj city. Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study. Thirty eight carpenters were studied by electro-myographic evaluation for CTS. No cases had history of systemic disease. Nerve conduction studies of upper limbs were performed for each participants. Results: Mean delayed of sensory and motor of left and right median nerves were 4.12, 4, 4.28 and 3.93 ms respectively. Prevalence of CTS was 15.8 percent among carpenters. Mean time of contact with vibration for starting of CTS was about 25.67 years. Conclusion: Vibration and vibratory jobs such as carpentery cause high prevalence of CTS. 831 Special Acute Urinary Retention due to Endometriosis in a Postmenopausal Woman: Report of a Case Ghanbarian KH Tahmasbi M 1 7 2004 9 2 87 92 13 06 2015 13 06 2015 ABECTRACT Introduction & Objective: Acute urinary retention is an unusual symptom among women. This is a case report of acute urinary retention due to endometriosis in a postmenopausal woman. Case: The patient was a 49 – years old woman who had referred with dull abdominal pain and acute urinary retention for a few weeks. In physical examination, cervix was displaced anteriorly and superiorly and a large and tender mass was palpable above symphysis pubis. Ultrasonography and CT-Scan showed a huge thick-walled cystic structure almost 12×14 cm occupying central part of pelvic and lower abdominal cavity most likely arised from left ovary. The patient operated and TAH+BSO was done.The mass was reported endometriosis by pathologist. CA-125 level was normal. Conclusion: Endometriosis is not a disease of childbearing age and about 2-4% of cases occur in postmenopausal age. It is still unclear how endometric masses grow and become evident in postmenopausal women .