1 1728-6506 Yasuj University Of Medical Sciences 3143 Microbiology Evaluation of Drug Susceptibility of Aspergillus Species Isolated from Patients with Otomycosis in Vitro Sabz GH b Gharghani M c Abbasi B d Nouripoor Sisakht S e b Department of Otolaryngology, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran c Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran d Student Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran e Department of Microbiology, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 1 10 19 08 2021 13 12 2021 Background & aim: Atomycosis is an acute, subacute and chronic fungal infection of the external auditory canal. The most common known fungi that cause atomycosis are Aspergillus and Candida species. Incidence and report of resistance to antifungal drugs in Aspergillus and Candida fungi with increasing long-term use of antifungal drugs, access to standard diagnostic allergy tests has increased. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the drug susceptibility of Aspergillus species isolated from patients with otomycosis referred to Shahid Mofatteh Clinic in Yasuj in laboratory conditions.   Methods: In the present experimental study conducted in 2018, 160 clinical isolates of Aspergillus, including 60 strains of Aspergillus flavus, 53 strains of Aspergillus tubingensis, 43 strains of Aspergillus niger, 3 strains of Aspergillus treus and 1 isolated strain of Aspergillus fumigaranus, with otomycosis was cultured on PDA medium and drug susceptibility for amphotericin B, itraconazole, vriconazole and clotrimazole was determined according to CLSI M38A2 instructions. Based on this, using microdilution broth method, different drug dilutions were prepared and added to standard fungal suspensions. The collected data were analyzed using Excel 2016 software.   Results: MIC50 and MIC90 of amphotericin B, itraconazole, vriconazole and clotrimazole for Aspergillus flavus strains (1 and 2, 0.0156 and 0.025, 0.125 and 0.25, 0.25 and 1, respectively), Aspergillus niger (2 and 4, 0.025 and 0.25, 0.125 and 0.25, 0.5 and 1) and Aspergillus tubinogenesis (2 and 4, 0.125 and 0.5, 0.25 and 0.25, 1 and 1) micrograms per milliliter. All strains of Aspergillus were sensitive to itraconazole and vriconazole.   Conclusion: The laboratory data obtained from the present study indicated that itraconazole had the best antifungal effect against Aspergillus strains, followed by vriconazole, clotrimazole and amphotericin, respectively. Itraconazole and vriconazole appeared to be suitable drugs in the treatment of infections associated with Aspergillus species isolated from atomycosis.    
3167 Sport Physiology The Effect of Aerobic Exercise with Different Intensities on Pain, Menstrual Symptoms and Quality of Life in Adolescent Girls with Primary Dysmenorrhea Tarhani M f Fathi M g Rahmati M h f Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran g Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran h Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 11 26 18 09 2021 13 12 2021 Background & aim: Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common disorders in adolescent girls. Exercise has positive effects on women with primary dysmenorrhea. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise with different intensity (low, medium and high) on pain, menstrual symptoms and quality of life in adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea.   Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, the statistical population consisted of 60 sedentary adolescent girls with severe and moderate dysmenorrhea who were randomly divided into three training groups and a control group. Subjects completed a menstrual symptom questionnaire to assess dysmenorrhea symptoms. The training protocol of the sports groups was performed three times a week. The VAS questionnaire was used to assess the amount of pain and the menstrual distress questionnaire and the abbreviated form of the WHOQOL questionnaire were used to assess menstrual symptoms and quality of life, respectively. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, dependent t-test and Tukey's post hoc tests.   Results: The results indicated that there was a difference between the three intensities of aerobic exercise on pain (p = 0.133), duration of pain (p = 0.19) and menstrual symptoms (p = 0.239) in adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea. No significance was observed. In contrast, low-intensity aerobic exercise had a greater effect on improving the quality of life of adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea (p = 0.001).   Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that low-intensity aerobic exercise had a positive effect on the quality of life of girls with primary dysmenorrhea, which lead to its improvement, although high-intensity exercise was correspondingly effective in reducing the duration of dysmenorrhea.     3128 Biochemistry Investigating Anticancer Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Bladder Cancer 5637 Cells in Comparison to Human Embryonic Kidney Normal Cells (HEK-293) Daei S Abbas Ali Pourkabireh R j Zia Majidi N k j Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran k Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 27 41 23 07 2021 27 11 2021 Background & aim: Nanotechnology is a new research field with wide applications in cancer management. Among the various metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles have been used to treat many cancers due to their high antitumor potential. Despite the potential benefits of these nanoparticles, the extent to which they affect normal cells has become a challenge. In addition, their anti-cancer effects on 5637 bladder cancer cells have not been well established. The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-cancer effects of silver nanoparticles on the survival of 5637 bladder cancer tumor cells in comparison with normal embryonic kidney cells HEK-293.   Methods: In the present experimental study performed in 2021, the survival of 5637 cells of bladder cancer and normal cells of embryonic kidney (HEK-293) 24 hours after treatment with 30-50 nm silver nanoparticles with concentrations (0-125). Micrograms per milliliter was evaluated by MTT(dimethyl thiazole-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test. Morphological changes were also assessed by light microscopy. VEGFA gene expression level and cell migration rate were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and scratch testing, respectively. The collected data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk statistical tests, one-way and two-way analysis of variance, Tukey post hoc test.   Results: The results of the present study indicated that the reduction in survival in 5637 and HEK-293 cells after treatment with silver nanoparticles was dose-dependent, which significantly decreased in 5637 tumor cells. HEK-293 was more than normal cells (p <0.05). In addition, treatment with concentrations of 50 and 60 μg / ml silver nanoparticles significantly reduced VEGFA gene expression (p<0.05) and inhibited the migration of 5637 bladder cancer cells (p<0.001).   Conclusion: AgNPs could reduce the viability of 5637 and HEK-293 cells as their inhibitory effects on 5637 cells viability were significantly more than HEK-293. Furthermore, AgNPs suppressed the 5637 cells migration.       2947 Physiology The Effect of Estradiol on Oxidative Stress Index and Nitric Oxide Levels in Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction in Ovariectomized Rats Lak Z l Nematbakhsh M m Vahdati A n l Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran m Water and Electrolyte Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran n Department of Biology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 42 53 25 10 2020 23 08 2021 Background & aim: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a common disorder of the renal system that may cause irreversible kidney damage and depends on the duration of the obstruction and the extent of renal tissue damage and dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of estradiol on oxidative stress index and nitric oxide levels in unilateral ureteral obstruction in ovariectomized rats.   Methods: In the present experimental study conducted in 2017, 84 rats underwent ovariectomy (180 20 20 g) and were randomly divided into 14 groups of 6. Group 1 (sham group) had no surgery and all groups 2 to 14 had unilateral ureteral obstruction and some of them were treated with medication. Thus; Groups 2-4 were sacrificed 3 days after UUO and receiving the drug (sesame oil, 0.1 and 0.5 mg / kg estradiol), respectively, group 5-7 3 days after UUO and receiving the unblocked drug (RUUO) were sacrificed the next day, groups 8-9 and 10-12 were sacrificed 1 and 3 days after RUUO and estradiol, respectively, and groups 14-13 were sacrificed 3 days after UUO and RUUO and received the drug in both models. Were. Quantitative detection tests for stable metabolites of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in blood and tissue samples were performed using special kits. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests and LSD test.   Results: The results of the present study indicated that in the UUO model, the level of nitrite and MDA of renal tissue in the obstructive groups decreased significantly compared to the sham group (p <0.05). However, administration of different doses of estradiol did not alter serum and tissue levels of nitrite and MDA between the treatment and control groups in the UUO and RUUO models (p> 0.05).   Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be stated that estradiol administration during UUO and RUUO times had no effect on nitrite and MDA levels. Although its protective effect may occur after a longer period of time than RUUO, the short-term damage caused by UUO can develop even after RUUO.   3028 Special Evaluation of Protective Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract Obtained from Cucurbita moschata Skin in Animal Model of Ulcerative Colitis Fitras N o Bahrami GH p Rashidi KH Kiarostami M Farzaei MH o Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran p Adipose tissue and Oils Research Center, Health Technology Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Adipose tissue and Oils Research Center, Health Technology Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 54 64 01 02 2021 13 11 2021 Background & aim: Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease of the large intestine that cannot be treated, but its symptoms can be controlled. In traditional medicine, for the basic treatment of colitis, it is necessary to first prevent this abnormal substance from leaking into the intestines. Pumpkin, scientifically known as Cucurbita moschata from the Cucurbitaceae family, has wound healing as well as anti-inflammatory properties. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract prepared from the skin of the pumpkin plant in an animal model of ulcerative colitis.   Methods: In the present experimental study conducted in 2020, for extraction from the skin of the squash fruit, 150 g of the dried and crushed skin of the fruit was transferred to a glass percolator and using a solvent of water and ethanol in a ratio of 70 30: Extracted in three stages. 36 field rats were prepared and randomly divided into 6 groups (6 mice in each group). In order to induce colitis, 4% acetic acid was used to evaluate the effects of the extract obtained from pumpkin skin, this extract was administered by gavage in 3 doses for 6 days to mice. Finally, the studied mice were examined for macroscopic changes and histological studies. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA statistical tests.   Results: In macroscopic examinations of the colon among different groups, in the healthy group the colon mucosa was completely normal. In the negative control group, side effects such as; Wounds, adhesions, thickening of the intestinal wall and severe inflammation were observed. In the groups receiving the extract in 3 doses, reduction of inflammation and wound healing was observed in mice with colitis, which showed the best results at a dose of 200 mg / kg. In the treatment of squash extract extract in a dose-dependent manner, it showed significant effects in inducing healing in acetic acid-induced colitis in mice (p<0.05).   Conclusion: Since the complications of colitis induction in the groups receiving pumpkin skin extract were significantly reduced compared to the control group, especially at a dose of 200 mg / kg, the results of this study can be groundbreaking. Clinical trial studies should be used in relation to ulcerative colitis and as a complementary drug to other treatments.     2704 Statistics The Main Causes of Death of the Elderly in the Provinces of Iran, 2011 to 2017 Torkashvand Moradabadi M Abbasi M Department of Demography, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran Department of Demography, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 67 83 19 01 2021 19 02 2022 Background & aim: The difference in the incidence of population transition in the provinces of Iran is accompanied by differences in the indicators of aging in them. The purpose of the present study was to determine the main causes of death of the elderly in the provinces of the country.   Methods: The present study was conducted in terms of quantitative method, in terms of applied purpose and in terms of implementation as a secondary analysis in 2021 as well as using death data by age cause during the 2011 to 2017. The cause of death data was taken from the current registration in the Civil Registration Organization and based on the international classification of the cause of death. This data was analyzed by gender and age groups in the elderly population. The Lifespan Age Index (YLL), as a percentage per thousand population, was used to measure the mortality of each disease. The rate of death and the number of years of life lost allow comparison over time, sex and age at the provincial level as standard. The collected data were analyzed using Excel software and drawing appropriate tables and graphs and indicators such as sex ratio, relative difference and age-specific rate.   Results: The ratio of elderly deaths to the total number of deaths in the provinces of the country varies from 40 to 72% and displays the difference in the situation of the provinces in the epidemiological transition. The share of causes of death correspondingly varies in the provinces of the country and during the two sexes. In less developed provinces, premature death is more common for men. Deaths from infectious and parasitic diseases are still present in less developed provinces, and the predominant cause of death in the provinces, especially in developed areas, is non-infectious and parasitic diseases.   Conclusion: The provinces of the country have different climatic, developmental and demographic conditions that have led to different occurrence of health conditions in them. It is necessary to enter into the aging phase of the population and the prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly, appropriate health policies at the provincial and regional levels in the country to be developed.   3136 Gynaecology The Relationship Between Childbirth Satisfaction and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy in Women Referring to Comprehensive Health Centers in Kashan Khorshidifard MS Sadat Z Shabanian M Nasiri S Department of Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Department of Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Department of Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 84 96 04 08 2021 18 12 2021 Background & aim: Considering the role of childbirth satisfaction on mood in postpartum period and its possible role on breastfeeding self-efficacy, the aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between childbirth satisfaction and lactation self-efficacy in women referred to comprehensive health centers. It was the city of Kashan.   Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 2020-2021. The statistical population included 300 mothers who referred to health centers during 4-8 weeks after delivery. To collect data, a checklist of demographic and obstetric characteristics, revised maternity satisfaction scale and short scale of breastfeeding self-efficacy were used. Validity and reliability of the instruments used were approved. it placed. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear multiple regression by SPSS software.   Results: The mean score of breastfeeding self-efficacy of women was 46.75 10 10.75 and the mean score of their satisfaction with childbirth was 23.58 90 4.90. Pearson correlation test showed that women's satisfaction with childbirth had no significant relationship with their breastfeeding self-efficacy (r = -0.005, p = 0.932). The results of linear regression indicated that the variables of increasing family income, positive experience of breastfeeding, non-consumption of infant formula, more frequent breastfeeding and shorter interval from delivery to the first breastfeeding can predict the self-efficacy of breastfeeding women.   Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that there was no correlation between delivery satisfaction and breastfeeding self-efficacy. Factors such as optimal support at delivery, previous history of breastfeeding and short interval between delivery and lactation had a predominant effect on delivery satisfaction.     3182 Health Management Designing a Management Model for Outsourcing Non-Clinical Services in Iranian Public Hospitals Merati SH Nasiripour AA Riahi L Haji Nabi K Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 97 112 16 10 2021 06 03 2022 Background & aim: As health and financial resources become more complex and limited in health care organizations, outsourcing and proper management become more important. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the dimensions of management and design a model for outsourcing management of non-clinical services in public hospitals.   Methods: The present a descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2021. The study population included health system policy makers, outsourcing experts and managers of public hospitals. A 28-item questionnaire was used to collect data, the variables of which were extracted from comparative studies of selected countries. The validity of the structure was evaluated by experts and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was determined to be 0.85. In order to obtain reliable results, the final questionnaire was distributed among 308 people in the research community. For sampling using the stratified method and data analysis, factor analysis was performed using statistical tests and the final model was extracted.   Results: According to the final model, 6 main and effective factors on outsourcing management were identified, which included: planning, decision making, performance management, contracting, communication and knowledge management. Planning factors with coefficients of 0.94 had the most impact and knowledge management had the least effect with a coefficient of 0.34 in the outsourcing management of non-clinical services in Iranian hospitals.   Conclusion: According to the model, there were various factors in effective management that dimensions related to planning and decision making are of special importance and it is necessary to pay more attention when outsourcing non-clinical services in public hospitals.       3224 Special Evaluation of Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients with Primary Wide-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Alizadeh M Sanaei Z Mahdavi Rafi A Eslami F 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, 2Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, 2Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, 2Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, 2Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 113 127 17 12 2021 07 03 2022 Background & aim: Drug treatment, laser and surgery are among the treatments for reducing ocular pressure in glaucoma patients. Although laser is a safe treatment, some parameters may be affected. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate laser trabeculoplasty in patients with primary wide-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.   Methods: In this prospective descriptive study that was performed in Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan in 2017-2018, 56 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and hypertension diagnosed for the first time or did not have uncontrolled eye pressure despite receiving medical treatment, underwent Laser treatment of selective trabeculoplasty were selected. Intraocular pressure, anterior segment parameters and macular thickness were measured in the 5 upper, lower, foie, nasal and temporal regions before the laser and at intervals of 1, 3 and 6 months after the laser and were compared between the two groups. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-square and t-test. Results: Intraocular pressure decreased in both groups in the follow-ups(p<0.05). The macula increased slightly in the 1st and 3rd months after the laser, and except in the temporal region in the wide-angle glaucoma group, in the sixth month the macular thickness reached baseline in all areas and in both groups. The central corneal thickness, despite a slight increase in the first month, had a downward trend in other follow-ups, the changes of which were significant in the ocular hypertension group (p<0.05). The volume and depth of the anterior chamber also decreased significantly in both groups (p<0.05).   Conclusion: Although trabeculoplasty laser is a good and safe treatment, it can make slight changes in the parameters of the anterior segment and macula.   3168 Clinical Fever and Seizures in Hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Saket S Nasehi MM Halimi Asl A Asrar P Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Pediatric Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 3 2022 27 1 128 139 18 09 2021 03 04 2022 Background & aim: Imbalance in serum electrolytes seems to play an important role in the development of febrile seizures. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the serum levels of glucose, sodium, calcium and magnesium in children hospitalized with fever and seizures in the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.   Methods: The study population of the present retrospective study conducted in 2020 included all children aged 6 months to 5 years hospitalized in hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from the beginning of 2008 to the end of 2018 due to fever and seizures. The medical records of all patients who met the inclusion criteria during the study period were reviewed. Demographic and clinical data of patients along with serum levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and blood glucose were extracted and evaluated. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, Chi-square and regression modeling.   Results: In the present study, 300 children were included based on research criteria. 264 patients (88%) had simple seizures and 36 patients(12%) had complex seizures. The mean serum levels of sodium, calcium, potassium, glucose and magnesium in the studied patients were in the normal range. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between serum levels of these variables in the two groups of simple and complex seizures. Based on the results of regression calculations, the previous history of fever and seizures in patients had the power to predict the occurrence of complex seizures (10-06 /11: 95% CI, p= 0.001, OR= 4.5).   Conclusion:  Serum levels of sodium, calcium, potassium, glucose and magnesium had no effect on the incidence of seizures in the studied patients. On the other hand, due to the high risk of complex seizures in patients with a history of fever and previous seizures, it is possible to help better manage and control the disease by taking the necessary measures.