1 1728-6506 Yasuj University Of Medical Sciences 2204 Neonatology & Newborn Nursery- NICU-Surgery The Combined effect of Chest Physiotherapy and Respiratory Exercises on Activities of Daily Living on The Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Behzadinezhad S b Afrasiabifar A c Najafi Doulatabad Sh d Mousavizadeh A e b Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran, c Department of Nursing, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran, d Department of Nursing, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran, e Department of Epidemiology, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran. 1 8 2018 23 3 267 279 28 05 2018 23 07 2018 Abstract Background & Aim: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an important part of the care of patients with respiratory diseases. Although there is enough evidences indicated that the various pulmonary rehabilitation techniques are useful, but less comparative studies about the effectiveness of these techniques has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of chest physiotherapy with and without respiratory exercises on the patients′ ability with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to perform activities of daily living (ADL).   Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial. The study population included patients with COPD who admitted to the internal wards of hospitals affiliated to Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, 2015. Fifty one patients were selected through convenience sampling method, but randomly assigned among three groups of chest physiotherapy, respiratory exercises training and chest physiotherapy with respiratory exercises training. Interventions were performed for fourteen days, three times a day for patients. Data were gathered through questionnaire of the activities daily of life at three times before intervention, one and two weeks after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Kruskal Wallis and Friedman with 95% confidence interval and significance level less than 0.05.   Results: The total mean of ADL in chest physiotherapy group before intervention was 43.6 ± 10.1, which increased to 57.1 ± 11.3 and 66.8 ± 8.8, one and two weeks after the intervention, respectively. The average total score of ADL for patients in respiratory exercises training group was 41.1 ± 7.7, 55.1 ± 6.9, and 65 ± 5.9 at three measuring times, respectively. In the group of chest physiotherapy combined with breathing exercises, the mean of ADL increased from 36.6 ± 4.5 (before intervention) to 54.3 ± 4.2 (second time) and to 65.7 ± 3.5 (third time). Although within group comparison for the mean difference in three measurement times indicated an increased ADL after interventions compared with before the intervention in three groups (P = 0.001), however, no statistical significant difference was observed in the effect of three interventions (P = 0.3).   Conclusion: The effect of chest physiotherapy combined with respiratory exercises training was the same on the patients′ ability with COPD for performing ADL in comparison with the effect of each one.  
2001 Physiology The Analgesic Effect of Sour Cherry Kernel Extract in male Rat Mahmoodi M f Vazini H g Shahidi S h Ghiyayi HR i Notghi P j f Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran g Nursing Department, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran h Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. i Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran j Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, Hamedan, Iran 1 8 2018 23 3 280 291 17 11 2017 19 07 2018 Background & Aim: For many years, several substances have been used, such as morphine, as a pain reliever, Depending on the addictive characteristics and side effects; there is less willingness to use them. Today, the use of herbal medicines has expanded. Therefore, research to find analgesic drugs are considered necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of alcoholic extract of the core is made of cherry in male rat.   Methods: In this study, 36 male rats were divided into 6 groups of 6: control (normal saline 1mg/kg), morphine (1mg/kg), cherry kernel extract (100, 150, 250 mg/kg, I.P) and the group treated with Naloxone (1mg/kg), in combination with low doses of cranberry seed extract (150 mg/kg) were divided. Then, to assess the anti-nociceptive effects of the extract, we used Writhing and Tail-flick tests.   Results: The results of the study showed that the extract significantly inhibited the number of contractions induced by acetic acid. The results of Tail-flick test showed that the delay time of tail removal after injection in all groups was significantly associated with latency of tail withdrawal before injection (P <0.05). The extract group with a dose of 250 (mg / kg body weight) showed more analgesic effects than other doses of the extract and the mean delay in this group was significantly higher than other doses (P <0.05).   Conclusion: According to the present results, the Sour Cherry Extract kernel have analgesic effects. The presence of flavonoids might be responsible for the anti-nociceptive activity of this plant.       1584 Occupational Health Short-Term and Long-Term effects of Styrene on Spatial Working Memory and Locomotor Activity in Male Rat Arezoomandan S k Shojaei Farah Abady H l Khavanin A m Faridan M n Mirnajafi Zadeh J o k Department of Occupational Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran l Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran m Department of Occupational Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran n Department of Occupational Health, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, o Department of Physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 1 8 2018 23 3 292 302 18 11 2016 24 07 2018 Abstract Background & Aim: Workers in some industries are exposed to styrene. This material is highly lipophilic and volatile at room temperature and the brain tissue has high level of fats. Thus causing various neurological effects, including memory impairment The present study was performed to investigate the short and long-term effects of styrene on spatial working memory and locomotors activity of male rats.   Methods: In this experimental study, 12 rats were randomly divided into two groups of case and control. In case, group animals were exposed to styrene (750 ppm, 6hr/day, 5 days/week) for 21 days In the control group, the animals were exposed in the same conditions without exposure to Styrene. 2 days following termination of styrene exposure, spatial working memory and locomotors activity was evaluated by Y maze and open field test. In order to investigate the long-term effects of styrene, these tests were repeated 3 weeks after termination of exposure. In this study, spontaneous alternation as spatial working memory index, velocity and traveled distance as indicators of locomotors activity and spending time in the center as an indicator of non-anxiety were studied.   Results: The results showed that after 2 and 21 days after styrene exposure, the time spent in the center of the open field test box, the distance traveled and the speed of movement decreased significantly. These effects were more severe in the 21 days after exposure than in the 2 days after exposure. Similarly, exposure to styrene significantly reduced the spontaneous frequency.   Conclusion: According to the results, exposure to styrene leads to reduction of motor activity and spatial memory abnormalities in rats. To study the long-term effect of styrene on behavior, more studies are needed.     2139 Immunology Cytotoxic effects of Melatonin on the Cell Line of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 in Vitro Ahanjan M p Abtahi Froushani SM p Department of Microbiology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Department of Microbiology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 1 8 2018 23 3 303 316 11 03 2018 25 07 2018 Abstract   Background & Aim: Melatonin is produced from different sources in the body. In some of the previous studies, the effects of oncostatic melatonin have been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin on K562 cells as a model for chronic myeloid leukemia.   Methods: In this experimental study, 6 × 104 cells of K562 cell line were treated with melatonin for 24 hours with different concentrations of 0, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 μM. The morphological changes of the treated cells were evaluated by inverse optical microscopy in comparison with the control sample. The effects of inhibition of melatonin growth and fecundity were measured using MTT (dimethyl thiazole diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and neutrally. The Wright-Gimsa staining was used to evaluate the distinction. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis statistical test.   Results: There was with other concentrations in this cell line. The highest inhibitory effect of cellular growth was observed in high concentrations of melatonin. Maximum cytotoxic effect of melatonin on K562 cell line was observed at 200 μm. However, at 50 μm concentration, the effect of cytotoxicity of melatonin was minimal (p <0.05).   Conclusion: Melatonin has the potential to inhibit proliferation of K562 cancer cells in vitro.   2167 Sport Physiology The Effect of two Weeks of Severe Periodic Training on SDF-1α Protein, its Receptor (CXCR4) and C-Kit in the Heart of Male Rats Rajabi H Nasirinezhad F Bapiran M Ramezani F Department of Physical Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Department of Physical Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Physiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 8 2018 23 3 317 333 22 04 2018 21 07 2018 Abstract   Background & Aim: Exercise training increases the levels of stem cells and recalling cells of these cells in order to rebuild and proliferate the cells of the heart. However, the effect of a short period of intense exercise has not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two weeks of severe routine training on SDF-1α, its receptor (CXCR4) and C-Kit in the rat heart tissue.   Methods: This experimental study was performed on 10 male Wistar 8 weeks old (234.5 ± 8.7 g) in both control and exercise groups. The experimental group performed two weeks of severe periodic training in four parts. The first part consisted of three days of exercise, two sessions a day, and each session included 4 severe 2 minute movements and 3 slow 2-minute alternations between two severe periods. The second part also: The two days of the training were similar to the first part, with the difference that the severity of the frequencies increased sharply. The third part was a three-day training with a more frequent and intense second part. Finally, the fourth part was more frequent than the third one with the same severity of the second part. 48 hours after the last training session, the mice bleached, and after surgery, the heart tissue was removed and quickly faded. The concentrations of SDF-1α, cxcr4 and C-Kit proteins were measured by western blot method. Data were analyzed by independent t-test.   Results: Independent t-test analysis showed that the SDF-1α protein concentration of the training group was significantly higher than the control group (p <0.038), as well as the concentration of CXCR4 protein in the training group compared to the control group (p <0.002) There was a significant increase in C-Kit protein content in the heart tissue of the training group compared to the control group (p <0.023) , (p≥0.05).   Conclusion: It seems that even a short period of intense periodic exercises can lead to the formation of new myocytes by stimulating the recalling factors of stem cells.       1879 General The Effect of Provision (Educational Environment and Physical Activity) on the Improvement of Motor Moments in Children with Mental Disorders Homaynnia Firoozjah M Sheikh M Hemayat tlab R Shahnaz Shahrbanian Department of Behavioral Behavior, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Behavioral Behavior, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Behavioral Behavior, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Department of Sport Pathology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. 1 8 2018 23 3 334 349 17 07 2017 18 07 2018 Abstract Background & Aim: Several studies have investigated the relationship between motor growth and environmental capability in children with mental disorder in the world.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of providing (educational environment and physical activity) environment on motor improvement in children with mental disorders 6 to 9 years old.   Methods: This is an applied and experimental study (interventional). The statistical population of this study was all 175 children with mental disorder 6 to 9 years old in Babol in 2017. Based on the facilities and cooperation of teachers and principals of exceptional schools in Babol, 50 male students were selected by convenience sampling and then randomly assigned to one of the experimental or control groups (25 in each group). To assess the motor skills of the children, the U.S. Bruinstein test was used. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis.   Results: The results showed that the providers had an impact on improvement of motor skills such as upper extremity coordination, agility, balance, response rate (p <0.01). Also, the results of this study showed that the providers did not have any effect on visual acuity control and speed and agility of the upper limb (p> 0.01). Also, the results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between the estimated mean scores of post-test motor improvement between the experimental and control groups (p> 0.01.(   Conclusion: It is possible to pay attention to the environment and environmental abilities and the use of suitable methods for increasing the motor developmental abilities of children with mental disorders. By using the methods of providing and using the environment, many of the drug methods and complications arising from their use can be prevented.       1793 Psychology The Effect of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) on Resiliency of Women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Ghator Z Pouryahya SM Davarniya R Salimi A Shakarami M Department of Educational Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Department of Counseling, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Counseling, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Counseling, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Counseling, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran. 1 8 2018 23 3 350 363 07 05 2017 11 06 2018 Background & Aim: Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system with various physical and psychological disabling symptoms that causes many problems for the patient. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of compassion-focused therapy on resiliency in women with multiple sclerosis. Methods: This research was an experimental intervention using a post-test pre-test with control group. The research population consisted of all female patients with active case in MS Society of Tehran in 2016. The sample consisted of 30 female patients who were selected according to the criteria of entry and exit, and the acquired scores in the questionnaire were selected by random sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The instrument was the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale. After taking the pretest from both groups, the experimental group received 8 consecutive two-hour treatment-centered compassion-based treatments in a group and weekly manner. The control group was placed on the waiting list. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA test (ANCOVA). Result: The mean and standard deviation of the scores of the subjects in the experimental group were 66.73±14.27 in the pre-test and 87.33±7.6 in the post-test phase. In the control group, the mean and standard deviation of the resiliency scores before and after the intervention were 59±16.01 and 58.8±15.85. The results of covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of the experimental and control groups with the control of the effect of the test (F=78.63 and p<0.01), which indicates the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy in increasing the resilience of the interventional subjects. Conclusion: CFT, as a new therapeutic method, is likely to be an appropriate intervention for reducing psychological problems and increasing mental health among MS patients. It is recommended that MS associations across Iran would use this therapeutic method for enhancing psychological health of patients.   1569 Psychology The Effectiveness of Reality Therapy to Decrease the Marital Conflict and Despair in Women with Multiple Sclerosis Yoysefikia M Khoshkonesh A Falahzadeh H Counseling group, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Counseling group, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Counseling group, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 1 8 2018 23 3 364 377 08 11 2016 11 06 2018 Abstract Background & Aim:  Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a part of a group of diseases of the nervous system that is associated with the destruction of the myelin sheath of the nervous system. Due to its disabling nature, the complications of this disease cover all aspects of the person's life and thus reduce the patient's life expectancy. The reduction of life expectancy also contributes to marital conflicts in the lives of these patients. In this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of real-therapies on reducing marital conflicts and hopelessness in women with MS.   Methods: The research method was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test post-test design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all women with MS who referred to the MS Society and Sine Hospital in Tehran in 2015. Using a suitable sampling method, 31 MS patients with marital conflicts and hopelessness were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and evidence have been replaced. Before the intervention program, the two groups were tested by sickness and hopelessness conflict questionnaires, then the experimental group received real-therapeutic training for 10 sessions of 2 hours and the control group received no intervention. After intervention, both groups were tested by questionnaires. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used.   Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that group reality therapy caused a significant difference (p<0.001) between pretest (M=112.90) and post test (M=90/06) in total score Marital conflicts as well as pretest (M=17.01) and post-test (M=13.70) were in the experimental group. In the post-test, after the control of the pre-test scores, the experimental group reported fewer marital conflicts and disappointment than the control group.   Conclusion: Group reality therapy in MS patients makes it possible to know their needs and talk about their spouses, thus it can play an important role in improving marital conflicts and reducing their hopelessness.     2003 Microbiology Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance and Frequency of Virulence Genes in Urinary and Fecal Escherichia coli in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection Bahadori M Motamedifar M Derakhshandeh AA Motamedi Borujeni A Ali Nejad M Nazari Z Department of Pathobiology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, Shiraz HIV / AIDS Research Center, Health Foundation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Department of Pathobiology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, Department of Pathobiology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, Department of Urology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Department of Pathobiology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, 1 8 2018 23 3 378 389 19 11 2017 04 07 2018 Abstract   Background & Aim: Urinary tract infections are one of the most important bacterial infections, and the most common cause of these infections is E.coli. Considering the importance of E.coli in the development of urinary tract infection in the gastrointestinal tract, the present study was conducted to compare the E.coli causative agent of E.coli infection with E.coli dominating the natural flora of the gastrointestinal tract on the basis of antibiotic resistance and some acute genes.   Methods: For this descriptive study, 30 women with urinary tract and urinary tract infections were collected from the 30 patients. After colonization and confirmation, three colonies were randomly selected from different parts of each plate (fecal samples and each individual sample) were selected for review. The frequency of hly D and cnf1 genes were determined by PCR method and a phenotypic study of antibiotic resistance of isolates were performed using antibiotic disks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test.   Results: Generally 90 isolates of urine and 90 fecal isolates were isolated from the samples. Comparison of the results of urine and fecal isolates showed that the prevalence of examined genes in urine strains was higher than that of fecal isolates (p <0.05). The highest resistance to stool and urinary flora was observed with trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin antibiotics. The highest susceptibility to ciprofloxacin antibiotic (32.2%) was found in urine isolates. In uric acid and fecal Escherichia coli, 37.7% and 46.6% of isolates were resistant to three antibiotics and more. In 9 out of 30 patients, antibiotic resistance and acute genes had the same pattern.   Conclusion: Most fecal flora is not an infectious agent, but isolates with higher genetic parameters are effective in causing infection. Considering the greater resistance to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin antibiotics in both groups, fecal flora may be involved in transferring the gene to antibiotic resistance to urine.       2024 Clinical The Relationship Between Sleep Quality Before Surgery and Severity of Headache after Spinal Anesthesia in Cesarean Section in Imam Sajjad Hospital, Yasuj Manzouri L Vahdatnejad J Farhadi N Social Determinations of Health Research, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Department of Operating Room, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran 1 8 2018 23 3 390 400 08 12 2017 11 06 2018 Abstract Background & Aim: Sleep disturbance is one of the major complaints of patients referring to clinical clinics. Empirical and cross-sectional studies have shown a two-way relationship between pain and sleep, in which an inappropriate sleep can lead to pain relief and pain can interfere with the quality and continuation of sleep. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the quality of sleep before surgery and the severity of headache after spinal anesthesia.   Methods: This cross-sectional study was descriptive-analytic. In this study, 90 pregnant women who were candidates for voluntary cesarean section with spinal anesthesia were selected randomly after receiving written and informed consent. Sleep quality one month before delivery was measured by Pittsburgh sleep inventory questionnaire and the spinal anesthesia severity score was assessed in 48 hours after spinal anesthesia and seven days later by numerical pain scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, mean and standard deviation. Results: The mean and standard deviation of 90 subjects in the study was 29.8±5.56. The mean and standard deviation of sleep quality score were 13.13±2.1. In 48 hours after spinal anesthesia, 24(26.7%) of the participants reported a degree of headache. On the 7th day after spinal anesthesia, 27(30%) participants reported a degree of headache. A significant relationship was seen between sleep quality score and severity of headache during 48 hours after spinal anesthesia (p=0/039). No significant relationship was observed between sleep quality score and severity of headache in 7 days after spinal anesthesia (p=0/59). There was a significant correlation between severity of headache 48 hours after spinal anesthesia and severity of headache 7 days later (p=0/0001). There was no significant relationship between sleep quality score and age. There was no significant relationship between age and severity of headache 48 hours after anesthesia.   Conclusion: The relationship between sleep quality and spinal headache has been shown to be due to the role of sleep and its disorders on neurotransmitter sleep systems and indirect effects on dopaminergic and opioidergic, serotonergic and melatonin systems.