Armaghane Danesh
ارمغان دانش
armaghanj
Medical Sciences
http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir
1
admin
1728-6506
1728-6514
10.61882/armaghanj
en
jalali
1401
5
1
gregorian
2022
8
1
27
5
online
1
fulltext
fa
مروری بر تغییرات ژنتیکی و فرار ویروس SARS-CoV-2 از پاسخهای ایمنی
A Review of the Genetic Diversity and Immune Escape of SARS-CoV-2
ایمونولوژی
Immunology
مروری
Review Article
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut">زمینه و هدف</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut">: ویروس</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">SARS-CoV-2</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"> الگوهای خاصی از تنوع ژنتیکی در ژنوم را بیان میکند. این تغییرات در ویروس و تنوع ژنتیکی آن در جمعیتهای انسانی میتواند انتقال ویروس و شدت بیماری کوویدـ۱۹ را تعیین کند. تنوع ژنتیکی و تفاوتهای ایمنی در جمعیتهای انسانی میتواند، نیروی محرکه در تکامل ویروس و فرار آن از سیستم ایمنی باشد. <a name="_Hlk114044128">هدف از این مطالعه </a></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut">بررسی تغییرات ژنتیکی و راههای فرار ویروس </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">SARS-CoV-2</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"> از دست پاسخهای ایمنی بود.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut">روش بررسی</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut">: در این مقاله مروری که در سال 1400 در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج انجام شد، مطالعات منتشر شده در پایگاههای الکترونیکی؛ پاپ مد، ساینس دایرکت، الزویر، اسکوپوس و گوگل اسکولار در خصوص تنوع ژنتیکی ویروس</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">SARS-CoV-2</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"> و راههای گریز آن از سیستم ایمنی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"> <b>یافتهها:</b> نتایج نشان داد، جهشهای مختلفی در انواع ویروس</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">SARS-CoV-2</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"> مشاهده شده است، تعدادی از این جهشها بر ویژگیهای ویروسی مانند عفونت و شدت بیماری کوویدـ۱۹مؤثر هستند و با توانایی فرار از پاسخهای ایمنی مرتبط بوده و میتوانند منجر به مهار پاسخهای ایمنی ذاتی و اکتسابی شوند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut">نتیجهگیری: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut">با شناسایی انواع جهشهای ویروس</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">SARS-CoV-2</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"> و ارتباط آنها با راههای فرار از سیستم ایمنی میتوان به روشهای درمانی مؤثر و همچنین دستیابی به واکسنهایی با کارایی و اثربخشی بیشتر امیدوار بود. <b> </b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Yagut"></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Background & aim:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">SARS-CoV-2 virus expresses specific patterns of genetic diversity in the genome. These changes in the virus and its genetic diversity in human populations can determine the transmission of the virus and the severity of the Covid-19 disease. Genetic diversity and immune differences in human populations can be the driving force in the evolution of the virus and its escape from the immune system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic changes and escape routes of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from immune responses.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Methods:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">In this review article conducted in 2021 at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, studies published in electronic databases; Pub-Med, Science Direct, Elsevier, Scopus and Google Scholar were investigated regarding the genetic diversity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its ways of escaping the immune system.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Results:</span></span></b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> The results indicated that various mutations have been observed in SARS-CoV-2 virus types, some of these mutations are effective on viral characteristics such as infection and severity of the covid-19 disease and are related to the ability to escape from immune responses and can lead to inhibition of innate immune responses. and be acquired.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Conclusion:</span></span></b> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">By identifying the types of mutations of SARS-CoV-2 virus and their relationship with the ways of escaping from the immune system, we can hope for effective treatment methods as well as obtaining vaccines with greater efficiency and effectiveness.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
کوویدـ19, تنوع ژنتیکی, سیستم ایمنی
Covid-19, Genetic diversity, Immune system
637
650
http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-33-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
K
Mobarki Dil
کوثر
مبارکی دیل
kousar.mobaraki@gmail.com
100319475328460026100
100319475328460026100
No
Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
V
Tahmasebi
وحیده
طهماسبی
Tahmasebi.v@gmail.com
100319475328460026101
100319475328460026101
No
Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
A
Hadinia
ابوالقاسم
هادی نیا
ahadinia@yahoo.com
100319475328460026099
100319475328460026099
Yes
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
مرکز تحقیقات سلولی و مولکولی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
F
Hadinia
فرزین
هادی نیا
farzinhadinia@gmail.com
100319475328460026102
100319475328460026102
No
Department of Bacteriology & Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
گروه میکربشناسی و ویروس شناسی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران