fa تأثیر عصاره گیاه کاکوتی بر اختلال ایجاد شده در حافظه فضایی ناشی از تزریق داخل بطنی استرپتوزتوسین در رت‌های نر فیزیولوژی Physiology پژوهشي Research <strong><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: medium;">چکیده:</span></span></span></strong><br> <strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">زمینه و هدف</span></span></span></strong>: <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">بیماری آلزایمر از شایع‌ترین بیماری‌های نورودژنراتیو مغز می‌باشد</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> و با اختلال سیگنالینگ انسولین و متابولیسم گلوکز در ارتباط است</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">گیاه </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کاکوتی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">دارای</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">اثرات</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">ضددیابت</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">، </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آنتی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">اکسیدان</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">و</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تقویت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کنندگی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">حافظه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">است</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">به همین </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">دلیل، هدف مطالعه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">حاضر بررسی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">اثر</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه دارویی </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کاکوتی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">بر</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">روند</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">پیشرفت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">بیماری</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> آلزایمر </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">بود.</span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">روش بررسی: </span></span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">در این مطالعه تجربی، </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تعداد</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> 42 </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">سر</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">رت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">نر</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">از</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">نژاد</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">ویستار،</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">با</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">وزن</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تقریبی</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> 20</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">270 </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">گرم</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">در</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">5 </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">گروه</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> شامل؛ </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کنترل</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">، شم، آلزایمر، آلزایمر و سالین و</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> آلزایمر به همراه کاکوتی (3 زیرگروه)</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تقسیم</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">شدند</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">جهت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">ایجاد</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">مدل</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آلزایمری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">در</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">رت،</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">داروی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">استرپتوزوتوسین</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">به</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">درون</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">بطن</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">های</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">مغزی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تزریق</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">گردید</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">و</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">پس</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">از</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آن</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">به</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">مدت</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> 21 </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">روز</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">رت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">های</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آلزایمری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تحت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">درمان</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">با عصاره&nbsp; گیاه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کاکوتی</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">(100، 150 و 200 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">به</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">صورت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تزریق</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">داخل</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">صفاقی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">قرار</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">گرفتند</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">جهت</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">ارزیابی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">یادگیری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">و</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">حافظه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">از</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آزمون</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">ماز</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آبی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">موریس</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">استفاده</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">شد</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه و &shy;توکی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.</span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">یافته‌ها</span></span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">:</span></span></span></strong> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تزریق</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">داخل</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">بطنی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">استرپتوزوتوسین</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">موجب</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آسیب</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">شدید</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">حافظه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">گردید</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">. </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">در</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">رت‌های</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آلزایمری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تیمار</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">شده</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">با</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کاکوتی به مدت 21 روز</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;"> (100، 150 و 200 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">در</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">مقایسه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">با</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">رت‌های</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آلزایمری،</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">به</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">طور</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">معنی‌داری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">از</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کاهش</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">حافظه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">فضایی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">پیشگیری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">شد</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">. در مرحله یادگیری آزمون ماز آبی موریس، رت‌های دریافت کننده عصاره کاکوتی نسبت به گروه کنترل طی زمان و مسافت کمتری سکوی فرار مخفی را پیدا کردند و هم‌چنین 5 روز پس از یادگیری، در فاز یادآوری، زمان بیشتری را در ربعی که قبلاً سکوی فرار قرار داشت، گذراندند.</span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">نتیجه‌گیری</span></span></span></strong>: <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">تیمار</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">رت‌ها</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">با</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">عصاره</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آبی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">الکلی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">گیاه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کاکوتی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">از</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">کاهش</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">حافظه</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">فضایی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">در</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">طی</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">بیماری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">آلزایمر</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">پیشگیری</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">می‌کند. عصاره </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: yagut;"><span style="color: black;">این گیاه می‌تواند با تأثیر مثبت بر عملکردهای عصبی موجب بهبود روندهای شناختی گردد و احتمالاً در پیشگیری و درمان برخی از اختلالات عصبی نقش بارزی داشته باشد.</span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <strong>Abstract:</strong><br> <strong>Background and aim: </strong>Alzheimer&rsquo;s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and is closely associated with impaired insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in the brain. <em>Ziziphora</em> <em>tenuior</em> exhibits antidiabetic effects and antioxidant and memory augmenting properties. For this reason, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of <em>Ziziphora </em>medicinal plant on the progress of Alzheimer&#39;s disease.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> In this experimental study, 42 male wistar rats (270 &plusmn; 20 gr) were divided in five groups (n = 6): control, sham, Alzheimer, Alzheimer + saline and Alzheimer + <em>Ziziphora (3 groups)</em>. For Alzheimer induction, streptozotocin was injected intracerebroventricular (ICV) and after that, rats received Ziziphora daily (100, 150, 200 mg/kgBW) for 21 days. The Morris Water maze was used for studying the spatial learning memory. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and ANOVA and Tukey&#39;s post-test.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>Intraventricular injection of streptozotocin damaged the spatial memory. Pretreatment of <em>Ziziphora</em> (100, 150, 200 mg/kg; 21 days) significantly (p<0.05) improved the reduced spatial memory in Alzheimer&#39;s rats. <strong>In the learning phase of the </strong>Morris water maze test, the rats receiving the extract of <em>Ziziphora</em> in comparison with control group were found the hidden escaped platform in the shorter time and distance. In addition, 5 days after learning, in the recall phase, these rats spent more time in a quarter that placed previously escaped platform.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Based on the results, treatment of rats with hydro-alcoholic extract of <em>Ziziphora</em> can help prevent spatial memory loss during Alzheimer&#39;s disease. The extract of this plant can be improved cognitive processes through positive effects on neurological function and probably had been a significant role in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders.<br> &nbsp; آلزایمر, کاکوتی, استرپتوزوتوسین, یادگیری, حافظه Alzheimer, Ziziphora tenuior, Streptozotocin, Learning, Memory 557 569 http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-844-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 SH Mohammadi شیما محمدی shimamohamadi1365@gmail.com 100319475328460014369 100319475328460014369 Yes Department of Animal Biology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran گروه علوم جانوری، دانشگاه خوارزمی( تربیت معلم)، تهران، ایران MH Mohammadi Mehdiabadi Hassani محمدحسین محمدی مهدی آبادی حسنی mohamadi.mh66@gmail.com 100319475328460014370 100319475328460014370 No Department of Animal Biology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran گروه علوم جانوری، دانشگاه خوارزمی( تربیت معلم)، تهران، ایران