1 1728-6506 Yasuj University Of Medical Sciences 321 Special The Effectiveness of Cognitive – Behavioral Stress Management on Symptoms of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Kamkar A Golzary M Farrokhi NA Aghaee SH 1 10 2011 16 4 300 310 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: IBS is a gastrointestinal disease with chronic abdominal pain, discomfort, bloating, and alteration of bowel habits in the absence of any detectable organic cause. This study was done to assess the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral stress management courses on the symptoms of the disease in patients referring to Yasouj gastrointestinal diseases clinic. Methods: A controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted on 42 patients with irritable bowel syndrome referring to Yasouj gastrointestinal diseases clinic in 2010. The participants were randomly assigned to intervention (21 patients) and control (n=21) groups. After performing a pre-test, using frequency and intensity of intestinal symptoms, the required data were gathered using BSS-FS, quality of life in irritable bowel patients (IBS-QOL-34) and Beck Depression and Anxiety Questionnaires. Conventional treatment along with cognitive-behavioral stress management was conducted within 8 weeks in the intervention group. The control group received only routine treatment regimes. After two months, a post- test was taken with the same measures. Covariance analysis and dependent t-test was conducted to analyze the data. Results: cognitive-behavioral stress management significantly reduced IBS symptoms in patients in the intervention group (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that combination of drug therapy along with psychological interventions can reduce severity and frequency of symptoms in IBD patients and effectively helps them to improve their quality of life. :
323 Special Effect of C-peptide on Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuronal Apoptosis Caused by beta amyloid 1-42 in Diabetic Rats Abedinzade M Rastgar K Zarifkar A 1 10 2011 16 4 311 320 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: Alzheimer disease is characterized by a progressive loss of memory. Its prevalence in diabetic patients is nearly twice in comparison of others. Recent findings suggest that C-peptide replacement in type 1 diabetes exerts beneficial effects on diabetic rats. We examined the effects of C-peptide on cognitive dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis caused by Aβ 1-42 on working memory in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methods: In the present experimental study which was carried out in 2009 at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 50 male Sprague Dawley rats (230-300 gr) were divided into five groups: control, type 1 diabetic, diabetic groups receiving C-peptide, diabetic group receiving beta amyloid, diabetic group receiving beta amyloid and c-peptide. The Neuronal apoptosis were assessed with tunnel staining. Diabetes was induced with IV injection of Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Twenty six days after the onset of diabetes, behavioral tests were conducted for three days. For data analysis, the Tukey and One way ANOVA tests were used. Results: In comparison to control group, in all diabetic groups working memory impairments was observed (P<0.05), but Aβ 1-42 caused severe deficits in the working memory (P<0.001) and C-peptide could significantly decrease the impairment (P<0.05). Only the diabetic beta amyloid group showed significant amount of tunnel positive neuron (P<0.05) and c-peptide replacement significantly decreased the amount of these cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: C-peptide could significantly decrease memory impairment and neuronal apoptosis among diabetic rats. 325 Special Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Major Depressive, Bipolar and Schizophrenia Disorders Fouladi N Godarzi MA 1 10 2011 16 4 321 331 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for affective and schizophrenic disorders. The main objective of this study was to examine the cognitive effects of ECT in patients with major depressive, bipolar and schizophrenia disorders. Methods: In this study we administered a battery of cognitive tasks on 90 patients with major depressive, bipolar and schizophrenia disorders, one day before and after the termination of ECT. The effects were measured by a set of computerized cognitive tests including: auditory reaction time, visual reaction time, verbal memory, Benton visual memory, Wisconsin card sort and motor function. The collected data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA and dependent t-test. Results: The results showed that depressive patients had poorer verbal memory and motor function after the termination of ECT compared to pretest, but their executive function was improved (p<0.05). After the termination of ECT the verbal and visual memory and executive function was significantly improved in patients with bipolar and schizophrenia disorders but their motor function was significantly reduced (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results of this study showed improvement for most cognitive functions in patients after electroconvulsive therapy. Findings of this study may help patients and their families to overcome their fear of electroconvulsive therapy. The results also can aware patients regarding the cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy. 326 Special The Effect of Catechin on Fungal Biofilm Formation of Standard Susceptible and Resistant Strains of Candida albicans Haghighi F Roudbar Mohammadi SH Farhadi Z 1 10 2011 16 4 332 340 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: Candida albicans is the most common cause of fungal infections which is increasing all over the world. Finding new methods or agents for control of these fungal infections is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Catechin against standard strain of C.albicans. Methods: This experimental study was conducted at Tarbiat Modares University of Medical Sciences in 2010. Serial dilutions of Catechin solution were prepared in 96 well micro plates. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was assessed by Microdilution broth technique. Biofilms of C. albicans were developed on flat-bottomed 96-well microtiter plates and the antifungal effect of Catechin was evaluated. Data were analyzed using t-test statistical method. Results: MIC50 of 5.77 µg/ml, MIC90 of 8.33 µg/ml and MFC of 9.47 µg/ml were found for Catechin. Biofilm inhibitory concentration of Catechin and fluconazole for susceptible strain of C. albicans was19.35, 4 µg/ml and for resistant strain was 23.53, 8 µg/ml respectively. Conclusion: Catechin had suitable antifungal effect against C.albicans biofilms in comparison with fluconazole. It seems that this herbal agent can be used for the elimination of Candida. 328 Special In Vitro Maturation and Fertilization of Cryopreserved Germinal Vesicle Stage Oocytes in NMRI Mice, Using Ethylene Glycol and DMSO Mayahi O Delaviz H Karimzadhe Shirazi K Roozbehi A Khosravi Farsani S Aryanpour R Mahmoudi R 1 10 2011 16 4 341 353 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: Cryopreservation of oocytes is an essential part of reproductive biotechnology. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of exposure to combination of cryoprotectants and vitrification on immature mouse oocytes with or without cumulus cells. Methods: This was an experimental study conducted at Yasouj University of Medical Sciences in 2010. Immature oocytes with and without cumulus cells were isolated from ovaries of mice 4-6 weeks of age. They were vitrified in conventional straw using ethylene glycol (EG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and sucrose as vitrification solution or exposed to vitrification solution without subjected to liquid nitrogen. After warming, oocytes were assessed for nuclear maturation and fertilization. The collected data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: Survival and fertilization rates in vitrified oocytes with cumulus cells were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). Maturation rates in exposure groups were significantly lower than the vitrified and control groups (p<0.05). The fertilization rate increased significantly in all experiment and control groups with cumulus cells in comparison with denuded oocytes (p<0.05). Conclusion: Germinal vesicle stage oocytes in the presence or absence of cumulus cells can be vitrified successfully. Exposure to cryoprotectants can decrease the developmental competence of GV oocytes. Presence of cumulus cells can increase the fertilization rate in IVF procedure. 329 Special Efficacy of Arian 101 Lithotriptor in Treatment of Renal and Upper Ureteral Stones Mehrabi S Fararooei M Hadinia A 1 10 2011 16 4 354 361 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: The available treatment for renal and upper ureteral stones less than 20-25 millimeters is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Arian 101 Lithotriptor in treatment of renal and upper ureteral stones. Methods: In this clinical trial which was conducted from 2007 to 2008 at Yasouj University of Medical Sciences, 184 patients older than 18 years of age with renal and upper ureteral stones between 6-20 millimeter who were candidate for ESWL enrolled the study, after taking informed consent. ESWL was in progress in supine position with guide of fluoroscopy by Arian 101 Lithotriptor, using standard technique. The power of Lithotriptor began from 12 KV and increased to 18 kilovoltages during 10 minutes. Patients which need more than 5000 shock were considered as unresponsive. Two weeks later, patients visited again and followed by KUB and ultrasonography and success of ESWL was recorded according to changing in stone size and residual stones. Lithotripsy was repeated in patients with residual stones larger than 5 millimeters. All collected data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: Efficacy of Arian 101 Lithotriptor in removing of renal stones larger than 10 millimeter were found to be as 42.8% complete response, 29.7% partial response while 27.4% of subjects had no response. Its efficacy in upper ureteral stones larger than 10 millimeter were as 40% complete response, 26% partial response and 34% had no response. The complete responses in renal and upper ureteral stones smaller than 10 millimeter were 54.9% and 46.7% respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that Arian 101 Lithotriptor has suitable efficacy in treatment of stones less than 10 millimeter, but its efficacy in removing of stones larger than 10 millimeter is not satisfactory. Further studies is needed to verify these findings. 331 Special Investigation of Interleukin -18 Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Level in Patients with Preeclampsia Solimanipour M Naeimi S Erfani N 1 10 2011 16 4 362 371 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: Preeclampsia is one of the most important factors in fetal and maternal mortality that seems to change immunological parameters such as rate of auto antibodies and cytokines involved in the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the serum level and frequency of the two polymorphisms in the IL-18 gene promoter in patients with preeclampsia and normal pregnant women. Methods: In the present case-control study conducted at Islamic Azad University of Estahban in 2009-2010, fifty preeclampsia patients and 103 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the IL-18 gene at positions -607 (C/A) and -137 (G/C) were analyzed by the Allel specific PCR method. IL-18 serum level was determined, using ELISA method. Data were analyzed with chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney and the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. Results: No significant association was found between the serum level, allele, genotype, and haplotype distributions of the SNPs and preeclampsia (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results of this study showed that IL-18 gene promoter polymorphisms at positions -607 and -137 and serum level did not confer susceptibility to preeclampsia in patients. 334 Special The Effect of Vitamin C Vaginal Tablets on Amsel Criterion in Patients with Bacterial Vaginosis Godarzi F Abaspour Z Abaspour MR Moomeni E Zandi KA 1 10 2011 16 4 372 380 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & aim: Bacterial vaginosis is the common cause of vaginitis among women of reproductive ages. Amsel criterion is the most accurate and applicable diagnosis method for bacterial vaginosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin C vaginal tablets on the Amsel criterion. Methods: After confirmed diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis to Amsel criteria (having at least 3 out of the 4 characteristic symptoms including discharge, fishy odor, vaginal pH≥4.5, and presence of >20% of clue cell), 60 non pregnant women of 15-45 years of reproductive ages were enrolled in the present randomized clinical trail. The women were randomly assigned into two group (30 person in each group) to receive either 250 mg vaginal tablet of vitamin C, once a day, for 6 days or 75% metronidazole vaginal gel (5 gr once a day for 5 days. Results obtained from both groups were compared for demographics features, history and baseline clinical pictures. Participants were evaluated in follow-up visits (after treatment). Results: After one week of applying of vitamin C vaginal tablets, 66.7% of cases had normal form of vaginal discharge,7 0% had negative whiff test, 40% had vaginal pH<4.5 and in 86.7% clue cell was less than 20% (p=0.0001). Conclusion: This study showed that vitamin C vaginal tablet has a significant effect on four of Amsel criteria especially on clue cell which is important for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. 335 Special The Association between Ambient Particulate Matters Pollutant and Spontaneous Abortion of the First Trimester of Pregnancy in Tehran Moridi M Ziaei S Kazemnejad A 1 10 2011 16 4 381 390 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: Air pollution has been one of the threatening factors of human health during the last century. Particulate matters are the major air pollutants in urban areas. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ambient particulate mattes on spontaneous abortion. Methods: This case-control study was conducted between June 2010 to February 2011 on 148 spontaneous abortion (case group) and 148 pregnant women (control group) in Tehran. From 22 regions of Tehran, 10 hospitals were randomly selected and samples were collected by simple random sampling from these hospitals. The mean of particulate matters was obtained from monitoring stations of Tehran Air Quality Control Company (TAQCC). Collected data was analyzed by the SPSS software using independent sample t-test, chi-square test, multiple and linear regression models. Results: Two groups in the study were matched in participants' age, husbands' age, age at first childbirth, educational level, family average income, previous type of delivery and the interval between deliveries, any previous abortion experience, body mass index, parity, duration of residence in Tehran and the amount of time spent at work and outside of home (P>0.05). On analyzing the collected data, it was revealed that the mean of ambient PM10 concentration in case group (94.4±39.22 micro gr/m3) was significantly higher than the control group (83.54±22.55 micro gr/m3) in T-test (P<0.001) and also the rate of abortion was higher in these areas (OR: 1.01, CI95%: 1.003-1.018). For assessing the relationship between gestational age and ambient PM10 concentration, linear regression method was used. Results indicated that there was a negative correlation between these variables. Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between occurrence of spontaneous abortion and the ambient PM10 concentration. 336 Special Efficacy of HRF in COD Removal from Secondary Effluent of Yasuj Municipal Wastewater Ehteshami M Takdastan A Alavi N Jafarzadeh Haghighifard NA Ahmadi Moghdam M Khazayi M Salehi AB 1 10 2011 16 4 391 399 27 04 2015 27 04 2015 Background & Aim: Re-use of wastewater is an appropriate approach for development of water resources and water supply strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of HRF in COD removal from secondary effluent of municipal wastewater in Yasouj. Methods: The pilot which was used in the present study was a horizontal roughing filter designed and prepared according to the Wegelin’s Design Criteria. The Samples were removed daily and instantaneous based on the predicted number of samples (28 samples at each filtration rate) from the input and output filter, and then tested in the laboratory by the D5000 device. The collected data was analyzed using ANOVA and paired t-test. Results: The results indicated that the average COD removal in the filtration rate of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 were 60, 51, and 38 percent respectively. Conclusion: The average output of the HRF for all three filtration rates was lower than the maximum EPA standard of Iran.