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Physical and Social Status of Pregnant Women Referred to Prenatal Clinics in Iran-Shiraz, 1383
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M Nadafi   1, T Keshavarz , HR Tabatabaie |
| 1- , mogyv@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (4983 Views) |
| ABSTRACT:
Introduction & Objective: Social relationships have a positive effect on physical health and psychological well-being. Social relationships are thought to be supportive of the extent that they provide individuals with transition as well as general sense of self-worth psychological well-being, and control over their environment. Support may also motivate mother to engage in positive health behaviors and to make lifestyle changes that can improve her physical health. Thus, there are multiple pathways through which social support may be linked to improved maternal and fetal health and consequently better birth outcomes. Pregnant women need the support of caring family members, friends and professionals. The purpose of this study was to identify physical and social status of pregnant women and their association with demographic factors.
Materials & Methods: 290 pregnant women referred to Iran- Shiraz prenatal clinic in 2004 were included in this randomized analytic descriptive study. Physical, familiar, occupational, personal and social status of pregnant women and association of these indicators with demographic factors were evaluated. To collect data, we used Holmes and Cooper’s life change questionnaires. To identify reliability of questionnaire, we used pilot study with 40 cases and the reliability was estimated to be 95%. For data analysis, chi square, non parametric spearman and Mann- Whitney U were used.
Results: Most of pregnant women had low education (64.4%) and were housekeepers (94.1%). The frequency of pregnancy interval> 2 years and intended pregnancy were reported 57.9% and 72.4% respectively. Physical status of pregnant women showed that the most physical problems were changes of sleeping habit (64.2%), eating habit disorders (51.6%), vacation changes (82.1%) and changes in personal habits (93.8%).The results also showed that gravida has negative effect on physical status, it means higher gravida is related to low physical health (p=0.004) but education level and pregnancy interval aren’t related to physical status. Regarding family-relative status, the most negative events were: husband work problems (30.8%), family members’ conflicts of pregnant women (27.4%), and conflict with husband’s family members (25.7%), conflict with husband (31%), sexual desire decrease (48.7%), husband’s sexual desire decrease (27.6%) and change in residence (32.8%). High education (p<0.001) and low gravida (p=0.02) had positive effects on social-familiar support but pregnancy interval was not related to it (p>0.05). The results also showed that education, gravida and pregnancy interval did not have any relationships with financial, occupational, personal and social status, but personal and social status of pregnant women had positive effect on occupational status (p=0.001). Physical and financial statuses were not connected to occupational status.
Conclusion: Lower gravida improves physical status of pregnant women. High level of education increases familiar-social support but these factors have no effect on financial, occupational, personal and social status. Good personal and social status makes better occupational status. |
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| Keywords: KEYWORDS: Physical status, Social status, Pregnant women |
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Full-Text [PDF 208 kb]
(1235 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2015/06/7 | Accepted: 2015/06/7 | Published: 2015/06/7
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